UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA 

ANDREW 

SMITH 

HALLIDIE: 


The  D.  Van  Nostrand  Company 

intend  this  booK  to  be  sold  to  the  Public 
at  the  advertised  price,  and  supply  it  to 
the'  Trade  on  terms  which  will  not  allow 
of  discount. 


THE 

Transmission    of  Heat 


THROUGH 


Cold-Storage   Insulation 


FORMULAS,  PRINCIPLES,  AND  DATA  RELATING  TO 
INSULATION  OF  EVERY  KIND 


A   MANUAL   FOR  REFRIGERATING  ENGINEERS 


BY 

CHARLES    P.    PAULDING,    M.E. 


NEW  YORK 
D.    VAN    NOSTRAND    COMPANY 

23  MURRAY  AND  27  WARREN  STREETS 


OF  THE 

v  UNIVERSITY 


Copyright,  1905 


D.  VAN  NOSTRAND  COMPANY 


ROBERT    DRUMMOND,    PRINTER,    NEW    YORK 


PREFACE. 


THE  laws  and  experiments  given  by  the  French 
physicist,  Peclet,  in  his  famous  "Traite  de  la 
Chaleur,"  have  been  the  basis  of  all  treatises  on 
artificial  heating  that  have  since  been  written. 

They  are  equally  applicable  to  the  art  of 
refrigeration,  and  it  is  the  purpose  of  this  book 
to  present  them  in  convenient  form  with  the 
additional  data  required  for  modern  practice. 

iii 


14141:5 


THE  TRANSMISSION  OF  HEAT  THROUGH 
COLD-STORAGE  INSULATION. 


i.  General  Principles. — Let  figure  i  represent  a 
section  of  a  wall  of  a  refrigerated  room,  and  let 
the  wall  be  of  the  same  material  throughout  its 
thickness.  Let  this  room  be  maintained  at  a 
constant  temperature,  lower  than  that  of  the 
external  air,  by  the  withdrawal  of  heat  from  it 
by  any  of  the  usual  methods.  Assume  the  room 
to  be  filled,  or  partially  filled,  by  articles  in 
storage,  and  suppose  that  the  temperature  of 
the  air  in  the  room  and  that  of  the  air  on  the 
outside  have  remained  constant  long  enough  for 
the  flow  of  heat  in  through  the  wall  to  have 
become  steady ;  in  other  words,  that  the  wall  has 
become  as  cold  as  under  these  conditions  it  ever 
will  become. 

Consider,  first,  the  inner  surface  of  the  wall; 
on  account  of  the  difficulty  which  heat  experi- 


COLD-STORAGE  INSULATION. 


ences  in  escaping  from  the  surface  of  a  body, 
this  surface  is  appreciably  warmer  than  the  air 
within  the  room,  and  it  gives  out  heat  to  the  room 
in  two  ways,  by  radiation  and  by  air  contact. 


T 


i 


.FIGURE:  i. 

The  radiant  heat  travels  in  straight  lines  from 
the  wall-surface  to  the  objects  in  the  room,  pass- 
ing through  the  air  without  much,  if  any,  heating 
of  it,  but  the  heat  thus  imparted  to  the  objects 
is  given  up  by  them  to  the  air  by  air  contact. 
The  objects  receiving  the  radiant  heat  will  evi- 


GENERAL  PRINCIPLES.  3 

dently  be  at  a  temperature  slightly  higher  than 
the  air;  we  may  neglect  this  in  all  calculations, 
but  in  measuring  the  air  temperature  of  a  re- 
frigerated room  by  a  thermometer  we  should 
always  take  care  to  protect  it  from  radiation 
from  the  walls,  and  we  should  also  prevent  it 
from  radiating  heat  to  any  cooling-surfaces  such 
as  brine  pipes  and  so  forth. 

The  heat  given  out  by  air  contact,  or  convection, 
as  it  is  perhaps  more  usually  called,  is  emitted  by 
the  wall-surface  to  the  air  actually  in  contact  with 
that  surface.  As  this  air  is  heated  it  rises,  form- 
ing an  ascending  current  along  the  surface,  and 
therefore  the  higher  the  wall  the  less  energetic 
is  this  action,  although  the  decrease  with  height 
is  less  than  might  be  expected. 

The  heat  thus  given  to  the  air  and  that  ab- 
sorbed by  it  by  contact  with  the  objects  heated 
by  radiation  is,  of  course,  carried  by  it  to  the 
cooling-pipes ;  it  enters  these  and  is  carried  away 
by  the  cooling-liquid  or  gas  circulating  through 
them. 

Turning  to  the  outer  wall-surface  we  again  find 
a  sudden  difference  of  temperature  between  the 
air  and  the  surface,  this  difference  being  neces- 
sary to  draw  the  heat  in  through  the  resistance  of 


4  COLD-STORAGE  INSULATION. 

the  surface.  Part  of  the  heat  is  radiated  to  the 
surface  from  the  surrounding  objects  and  the  rest 
is  brought  to  it  by  air  contact;  in  this  case  the 
current  of  air  along  the  surface  is  a  descending  one 
instead  of  an  ascending  one,  as  in  the  case  of  the 
inner  wall-surface. 

Once  within  the  wall,  the  heat  is  drawn  through 
the  body  of  it  by  the  difference  of  temperature 
between  the  inner  and  outer  surface.  In  a  homo- 
geneous wall,  such  as  we  are  considering,  the 
temperature  of  the  wall  decreases  regularly  frorfi 
the  outer  to  the  inner  surface,  forming  a  steady 
slope  down  which  the  heat  flows  by  virtue  of  the 
conductivity  of  the  insulation.  The  difference  of 
temperatures  governing  this  action  is  that  of  the 
surfaces,  and  must  not  be  confused  with  that  of 
the  inner  and  outer  air. 

For  a  given  area  of  wall,  the  quantities  of  heat 
absorbed  by  the  outer  surface,  transmitted 
through  the  body  of  the  wall  and  emitted  by  the 
inner  surface,  must  evidently  be  equal  during 
any  given  period  of  time  and  constant  conditions 
of  temperature. 

Having  outlined  the  general  principles  we  now 
turn  to  the  methods  and  data  for  numerical 
calculations. 


RADIATION.  5 

2.  Radiation. — "The  quantity  of  heat  emitted 
by  radiation  per  square  foot  of  surface  per  hour 
is  independent  of  the  form  and  size  of  the  body, 
provided  that  its  surface  has  no  reentrant  por- 
tions ;  it  depends  solely  on  the  nature  of  the  sur- 
face, on  the  excess  of  its  temperature  over  that 
of  the  objects  to  which  radiation  takes  place,  and 
on  the  absolute  value  of  the  temperature  of  these 
objects.* 

It  makes  no  difference  whether  the  surface  is 
radiating  heat  to  other  objects,  as  is  the  case  for 
the  inner  surface  of  a  wall  of  a  refrigerated  room, 
or  is  receiving  heat  by  radiation  from  other 
objects,  as  is  the  case  for  the  outer  wall-surface, 
the  amount  of  heat  emitted  or  absorbed  will  be 
the  same  for  otherwise  identical  circumstances. 

For  all  practical  purposes  connected  with 
insulation  we  may  simply  take  the  radiation  to  be 
proportional  to  the  difference  of  temperature  be- 
tween the  wall  and  the  objects  radiated  to,  al- 
though this  is  not  precisely  true,  and  we  may 
entirely  neglect  the  variation  due  to  the  particular 
temperature  of  the  objects  radiated  to,  but  as 
there  will  always  arise  special  cases  in  which  these 

*  Peclet.     Traite  de  la  Chaleur. 


6  COLD-STORAGE  INSULATION. 

variations  might  be  important,  and  also  in  order 
that  individual  judgment  may  have  free  play,  we 
will  give  the  necessary  tables  for  more  exact  cal- 
culations. 

TABLE  I.*      VALUES  OF  K  FOR  DIFFERENT  SURFACES. 

In  B.T.U.  radiated  per  hour,  per  square  foot,  per  one  degree 
difference  of  temperature  between  temperature  of  surface 
and  temperature  of  objects  radiated  to. 


Polished  silver 027 

Silvered  paper 085 

Polished  brass 053 

Gilded  paper 047 

Polished  copper 033 

Cast  iron — new 649 

Cast  iron — rusted 688 

Glass 596 

Powdered  chalk 680 

Sawdust 723 

Powdered  charcoal 700 

Fine  sand 741 

Oil  paint 759 

Paper 772 

Lampblack 820 


Zinc. 


049 

Polished  tin 044 

Tin  plate 086 

Sheet  iron — polished.  .      .092 

Sheet  iron — leaded 133 

Sheet  iron — ordinary.  .      .567 
Sheet  iron — rusted.  ..  .      *688 

Building-stone 737 

Plaster  and  brick 737 

Wood 737 

Woolen  cloth 753 

Calico  or  canvas 747 

Silk 759 

Water 1.087 

Oil 1.482 


Thus  in  our  calculations  any  painted  wall 
which  is  three  degrees  cooler  than  the  objects 
radiating  heat  to  it  would  absorb  3X. 759  =  2. 28 
B.T.U.  per  hour  per  square  foot.  For  more  re- 
fined estimates  we  modify  the  figures  of  Table  I 
by  multiplying  by  a  coefficient  (/  depending  on 
the  difference  of  temperatures,  and  then  by 
another  coefficient  c"  varying  with  the  tempera- 

*  Peclet.     Traite  de  la  Chaleur. 


THE 


RADIATION. 


jr      OF 
UNIVERSITY 
70. 


ture  of  the  objects  to  which  radiation  takes  place. 
Then  the  number  of  B.T.U.  radiated  per  hour 
per  square  foot  is 

K  X  c*  X  c"  X  diff.  of  temp.    .     .     (i) 

The  difference  of  temperature  is,  as  before, 
that  between  the  radiating  surface  and  the  objects 
radiated  to. 

TABLE  II.     VALUES  OF  cf. 


Difference  of  Temperature 
between  Surface  and 
Objects  Radiated  to 

5 

IO 
20 
40 
80 

160 

320 


c'. 
i  .11 

I  .  12 
I.I4 

1.18 

1.28 

i-54 
2.30 


TABLE  III.  VALUE  OF  c". 
c". 


Temperature  of  Objects 
Radiated  to 


O 

2O 
40 
60 
80 
IOO 

150 

2OO 


.80 

.86 

•93 
.01 

.  10 

.19 

•47 
.82 


Now  return  to  the  example  given  just  after 
Table  I,  and  assume  that  the  painted  wall  is  at 
a  temperature  of  thirty-three  degrees  and  the 


8  COLD-STORAGE  INSULATION. 

objects  to  which  it  radiates  at  a  temperature  of 
thirty  degrees ;  then  we  have  by  formula  (i) 

Heat  radiated  =.759  Xi. ii  X. 90X3  =2.28. 

This  result  is  the  same  that  we  obtained  before. 
Now  it  will  be  shown  further  on  that  it  is  neces- 
sary for  simplification  to  use  a  value  of  K,  the 
mean  between  that  for  the  outer  wall  and  that 
for  the  inner.  An  inner  temperature  of  fifteen 
degrees  and  outer  of  forty-five  degrees  would  give 
the  conditions  used  in  the  above  calculation. 
Take  an  inner  temperature  of  forty  degrees  and 
an  outer  of  eighty  degrees,  then  the  mean  is  sixty 
and  we  would  have 

Heat  radiated  =.759  Xi.n  Xi.oi  X3  =2.55. 

These  cases  are  toward  the  two  extremes  of 
practice,  yet  the  difference  is  only  about  one 
ninth  part  of  the  smaller.  If  we  had  been  using 
the  two  values  of  K,  .759  and  .759X1.11X1.01 
=  .85,  in  computing  the  loss  of  heat  through  a 
wall  six  inches  thick  of  any  ordinary  insulating 
material  the  difference  in  the  result  would  have 
been  about  one  per  cent,  which  is  less  than  the 
probable  error  of  any  calculation  of  this  kind. 

3.  Air  Contact. — "The  loss  of  heat  arising  from 
air  contact  is  independent  of  the  nature  of  the 


AIR  CONTACT.  9 

surface  of  the  body,  and  of  the  absolute  value  of 
the  temperature  of  the  surrounding  air ;  it  depends 
solely  on  the  excess  of  the  temperature  of  the 
body  over  that  of  the  surrounding  air,  and  on  the 
form  and  dimensions  of  the  body."  * 

In  all  calculations  in  this  book,  unless  specif- 
ically stated  otherwise,  we  will  assume  the  air- 
contact  loss  to  vary  directly  as  the  difference  of 
temperatures  of  the  air  and  of  the  wall-surface 
and  will  take  the  loss  for  plane  vertical  walls 
directly  from  the  following  table. 

Thus  for  a  wall  thirty-two  feet  high  at  a  tem- 
perature of  eighty  degrees  and  exposed  to  air  at  a 
temperature  of  eighty-three  degrees  the  heat 
absorbed  per  square  foot  per  hour  by  air  contact 
will  be=#'Xdiff.  of  temp.  =.27X3  =.8i. 

TABLE  IV.     VALUES  OP  Kr  FOR  A  PLANE  VERTICAL  WALL. 

In  B.T.U.  per  hour,  per  square  foot,  per  one  degree  differ- 
ence of  temperature  of  wall-surface  and  surrounding  air. 

Value  of  K'. 

1  .40 

2  .35 
4  -32 
8                                    .30 

16  .28 

32  .27 

64  .26 

*  Peclet.     Traite  de  la  Chaleur. 


io  COLD-STORAGE  INSULATION. 

As  the  air-contact  loss,  like  the  radiation  loss, 
does  not  vary  precisely  as  the  difference  of  tem- 
perature, we  will  give  the  following  formulas  and 
tables  for  those  who  may  wish  to  make  more  exact 
calculations. 

The  air-contact  loss  in  B.T.U.  per  square  foot 
per  hour 

=Kf  Xc  Xdiff.  of  temp.,    .     .     .     (2) 

« 

in  which  the  difference  of  temperature  is  that 
between  the  surface  and  the  surrounding  air, 
c  a  coefficient  depending  on  this  difference  of 
temperature  and  to  be  taken  from  Table  V,  and 
Kf  a  number  depending  on  the  form  and  size  of 
the  object  and  given  by  the  following  formulas. 
For  vertical  plane  surfaces 


where  h  is  the  vertical  height  of  the  surface  in 
feet. 

For  horizontal  pipes  of  circular  section 


-       .....     (4) 

where  r  equals  the^outside  radius  in  inches. 


CONDUCTION.  II 

For  vertical  pipes  of  circular  section 


where  r  is  the  outside  radius  in  inches  and  h  the 
height  in  feet. 

TABLE  V.     VALUES  OF  c. 

Diff .  of  Temp.  c. 

2  -57 

4  .67 

6  .73 

8  .78 

10  .&2 

20  .97 

40  I.I3 

60  1.24 

80  1.33 

100  1.40 

*S°  *-55 

200  1.64 

300  1.82 

It  will  be  noticed  that  the  values  of  Table  IV  do 
not  agree  with  formula  (3).  This  is  because  these 
values  have  already  been  multiplied  by  the  co- 
efficient c  taken  from  Table  V  for  a  difference  of 
temperature  of  four  degrees. 

4.  Conduction. — The  quantity  of  heat  trans- 
mitted through  the  insulation  from  outer  surface 


12  COLD-STORAGE  INSULATION. 

to  inner  surface  varies  directly  as  the  area  of 
the  wall,  directly  as  the  conductivity  of  the  ma- 
terial, inversely  as  its  thickness,  and  directly 
as  the  difference  of  temperature  between  the  two 
surfaces. 

The  formula  for  an  area  of  one  square  foot 
of  a  homogeneous  wall  with  plane  parallel  sur- 
faces is  then 


(6) 


in  which  M=B.T.U.   transmitted  per  hour  per 

one  square  foot ; 
(7= the  conductivity  of  the  wall  as  given 

in  the  following  tables ; 
E=the  thickness  of  the  wall  in  inches ; 
2= the  temperature  of  the  outer  wall- 
surface  ; 

2'= the  temperature  of  the  inner  wall- 
surface. 

The  conductivity,  designated  by  C,  is  the  quan- 
tity of  heat  that  would  traverse  in  one  hour  a 
plate  of  the  given  material  one  square  foot  in 
area,  one  inch  thick,  and  with  its  surfaces 


CONDUCTION.  13 

maintained    at    temperatures    differing    by   one 
degree. 

In  Table  VI  are  given  the  values  of  C  for  a  large 
number  of  materials  as  determined  with  great 
care  and  skill  by  Peclet. 


TABLE  VI.     VALUES  OF  C. 

In  B  T.U.  transmitted  per  hour,  per  square  foot,  for  one 
inch  of  thickness,  for  one  degree  difference  of  surface  tem- 
peratures. 

SOLID    MATERIALS. 

Density.  C. 

Marble,  gray,  fine-grained 2  . 68  28.1 

Marble,  white,  coarse-grained 2-77  22.4 

Limestone,  fine-grained 2  . 34  16  . 8 

Limestone,         " .    2.27  13.6 

Limestone,                        2.17  *3  •  7 

Limestone,  coarse-grained, 2.24  10.6 

Limestone,                             2.22  10 . 2 

Plaster,  ordinary 2.22  2.67 

Plaster,         ' '        ,  very  fine 1.25  4.20 

Brick i .  98  5-56 

Brick 1.85  4-n 

Fir  (wood),   perpendicular  to  fibres 48  .75 

Fir      "           parallel               "       "      48  1.37 

Walnut,          perpendicular   "               48  .86 

Walnut,         parallel               "       "      .40 

Oak,                perpendicular    '                .70 

Cork 22  .'15 

India-rubber.  . 22  .37 

Gutta-percha 22  .39 

Starch  paste 1.02  3-43 

Glass 2  . 44  6.05 

Glass 2  . 55  7.10 

(Continued  on  next  page.) 


14  COLD-STORAGE  INSULATION. 

TABLE  VI — Continued. 

MATERIALS    IN    A    STATE    OP    POWDER. 

Density.  C. 

Quartz  sand 1.47  2.18 

Brick-dust — large  grains i .  oo  1.12 

Brick-dust — passed  through  a  sieve  of  silk.  .  .    i  .76  i  .33 
Brick-dust — fine  powder  obtained  by  decan- 

tation.. 1.55  1.13 

Chalk,  in  powder,  slightly  damp 92  .897 

Chalk,  in  powder,  washed  and  dried 85  .694 

Chalk,   in   powder,  washed,  dried,  and  com-% 

pressed 1.02  .855 

Wood-ashes 45  . 484 

Mahogany  sawdust 31  . 524 

Charcoal,  powdered 49  .637 

Charcoal,  powdered  and  passed  through  silk.  .      .41  .653 

Coke,  in  powder 77  i .  290 

TEXTILE    MATERIALS. 

Canvas,  of  hemp,  new 54         .420 

Canvas,  "       "       old 58          . 347 

White  writing-paper 85          .347 

Gray  blotting-paper 48          .274 

Calico,  new,    of  any  density .403 

Cotton  wool,    "     "  .323 

Sheep's  wool,  "    "          "    323 

Eiderdown,      "     "  "     3^5 

Table  VII  was  computed  from  tests  of  steam- 
pipe  coverings.  The  figures  given  are  averages  of 
a  large  number  of  tests  and  are  believed  to  be  very 
reliable.  * 

*  See  Paulding,  "Condensation  of  Steam  in  Covered  and 
Bare  Pipes."  Van  Nostrand,  1904. 


CONDUCTION. 

TABLE  VII.     VALUES  OF  C. 

Hair-felt 32 

Remanit 36 

Mineral  wool  (a) 38 

"      (t) 40 

(<0 47 

Compressed  sheet  cork 47 

Magnesia 45 

Asbestos  (a) 57 

(b) 61 

(0 67 

(<*) 74 

Mineral  wools  a  and  b  contained  eighteen  per 
cent  of  magnesia,  while  c  had  only  three  per  cent 
of  that  substance.  Asbestos  a  and  d  are  made  by 
the  same  firm,  but  a  is  much  the  more  expensive 
covering,  probably  of  selected  material.  Asbestos 
b  and  c  are  formed  of  small  air-cells. 

Table  VIII  was  computed  from  the  results  of 
experiments  given  by  Mr.  J.  E.  Starr  in  a  paper 
read  before  the  American  Warehousemen's  Con- 
vention in  1901.* 

TABLE  VIII.     VALUES  OF  C. 

Lampblack 91 

Pitch 74 

" 95 

American  spruce 93 

"        94 

Mineral  wool .69 

11    82 

Granulated  cork 48 

Calcined  pumice 6 1 

Mill-shavings 65 

*  See  "Ice  and  Refrigeration,"  Nov.  1901. 


1 6  COLD-STORAGE  INSULATION. 

Table  IX  is  from  Jude  and  Gossin— "  Physics, " 
1899. 

TABLE  IX.     VALUES  OP  C. 

9 

Silver 444° 

Copper 3192 

Gold 2100 

Zinc 888 

Tin.  ., .»..  572 

Iron 476 

Lead 334 

Ice 17.42 

Snow 2.03 

Water. 4-4* 

Air 0.16 

Peclet  states  that  dampness  greatly  increases 
the  conductivity  of  insulating  materials,  a  fact 
now  well  known  to  all  refrigerating  engineers. 
One  of  the  most  important  problems  in  the  con- 
struction of  insulated  walls  is  to  prevent  the 
entrance  of  moisture. 

5.  Formula  for  a  Homogeneous  Wall. — Let  figure 
i  represent,  as  before,  a  wall  of  the  same  ma- 
terial throughout  its  thickness.  Let  T  and  t  be 
the  temperatures  of  the  outer  air  and  the  outer 
wall-surface  respectively,  and  Tr  and  t'  the  tem- 
peratures of  the  inner  air  and  the  inner  wall- 
surface.  Let  M  be  the  B.T.U.  transmitted 
through  one  square  foot  of  the  wall  in  one  hour! 
this  is,  of  course,  the  quantity  we  wish  to  deter- 


FORMULA    FOR  A   HOMOGENEOUS  WALl.         1  7 

mine.     Then  from  paragraphs  2  and  3  we  know 
that 

M=(K+K')(T-t)-Q(T-t)     .     .  (7) 

and  M=(K+K')(tf-Tf}=Q(t'-T),    .    (8) 

and  from  paragraph  4  we  have 


Now  in  practice  we  never  know  the  tempera- 
tures t  and  t'  of  the  wall-  surf  aces,  but  since  the 
three  equations  above  are  all  equal  to  one  another 
(see  paragraph  i)  we  can  by  combining  them 
obtain  the  following  formula  in  terms  ©f  the 
inner  and  outer  air  temperatures*  which  we  may 
always  easily  measure. 


in  which  M=B.T.U.    transmitted    per  hour  per 

one  square  foot  ; 
C=the    conductivity    of    the  material 

(par.  4)  ; 

Q=K+K'  (pars.  2  and  3)  ; 
E  =  the  thickness  of  the  wall  in  inches  ; 
T  =the  temperature  of  the  outer  air; 
T'  =the  temperature  of  the  inner  air. 


1 8  COLD-STORAGE  INSULATION. 

For  example  take  a  wall  of  brick  sixteen  inches 
thick  and  thirty-two  feet  high.  Let  the  tem- 
perature of  the  outer  air  be  sixty  degrees  and  that 
of  the  inner  air  forty  degrees.  From  Table  I, 
par.  2,  we  find  that  ^  =  .74;  from  Table  IV,  par. 
3,  we  find  that  K'  =.27,  then%Q  =.74 +  .2 7  =1.01, 
and  from  Table  VI,  par.  4,  we  find  the  value  of  C 
to  be  about  5.  Then  each  square  foot  of  this 
brick  wall  under  the  given  temperature  conditions 
will  transmit 

5x1.01(60-40) 

2  X5  +I.QI  Xi6 

per  hour. 

Returning  now  to  formula  (10)  we  must  note 
that  in  order  to  have  such  a  simple  formula  it  has 
been  necessary  to  make  some  assumptions  which 
are  not  strictly  true.  Their  effect  on  the  results 
are  however  comparatively  small.  In  equations 
7  and  8  we  have  set  the  sums  of  K+K'  for  both 
outer  and  inner  wall-surfaces  equal  to  Q,  which  is 
of  course  to  assume  them  equal.  In  finding  Q  it 
is  perhaps  best  to  take  for  K  and  K'  averages  of 
the  values  appropriate  to  the  inner  and  outer 
walls,  where,  as  generally  happens,  these  values 
are  different.  In  formula  (7)  we  assume  that  the 
objects  which  radiate  heat  to  the  walls  are  at  the 


FORMULA  FOR  A   COMPOUND   WALL.  19 

same  temperature  as  the  outer  air.  This  assump- 
tion is  unavoidable  and  under  practical  conditions 
the  error  is  probably  more  or  less  compensatory,  the 
transmission  being  greater  on  a  clear  day  and  less 
on  a  clear  night.  In  formula  (8)  we  assume  that 
the  objects  to  which  the  inner  wall-surfaces  radiate 
are  at  the  temperature  of  the  inner  air,  and  this 
is  practically  true  except  when  the  wall  radiates 
directly  to  cold  pipe  surfaces,  and  this  is  negligible 
unless  the  proportion  of  surface  thus  exposed  is 
unusually  large.  In  such  unusual  cases  an  allow- 
ance may  be  made  in  the  value  of  Q.  In  com- 
paring the  insulating  values  of  different  walls, 
one  of  the  most  important  uses  of  these  formulas, 
these  errors  either  do  not  exist  or  else  have  so 
nearly  the  same  value  for  all  the  cases  as  not  to 
influence  the  comparative  results. 

It  is  evident  from  an  inspection  of  the  formula 
that  the  transmission  of  heat  varies  directly  as  the 
difference  of  the  inner  and  outer  air  temperatures, 
but  not  quite  inversely  as  the  thickness  of  the  wall. 
Thus  if  the  wall  had  been  eight  inches  thick  the 
value  of  M  would  have  been  5.59,  and  not  twice 
3.87  or  7.74,  as  might  have  been  thought. 

6.  Formula  for  a  Compound  Wall. — Take  first  a 
wall  of  two  different  materials  as  represented 


20 


COLD-STORAGE  INSULATION. 


by  figure  2.     Let  C  and  C'  be  the  conductivities 
and  E  and  Ef  the  thicknesses  of  the  two  materials, 


FIGURE  2. 


and  let  6  represent  the  temperature  at  the  junc- 
tion of  the  materials.  Then  as  in  paragraph  5 
we  may  write  the  following  equations : 


M=Q(T-t), 


M  = 


C'(d-t') 
E' 


FORMULA   FOR  A   COMPOUND 

Combining  these  we  have 

-T') 


.          (ii) 


For  a  wall  made  up  of  any  number  of  layers  of 
different  materials  we  would  have 


,        .       (12 


in  which  M= B.T.U.  transmitted  per  hour  per  one 

square  foot; 
C,  C',  C"  =  the  respective  conductivities  of  the 

different  layers  (par.  4) ; 
Q=K+K'(pars.  2  and  3) ; 
E,  E',  E"  =the  respective  thicknesses  in  inches 

of  the  different  layers ; 
T=the  temperature  of  the  outer  air; 
T'  =  the  temperature  of  the  inner  air. 

For  an  example  take  the  wall  shown  in  figure 
3.  This  consists  of  an  outer  layer  of  seven- 
eighth-inch  tongued  and  grooved  spruce  sheath- 
ing (conductivity  from  Table  VIII  equals  .93),  then 
a  layer  of  water-proof  paper  about.  03  inch  thick 


22 


COLD-STORAGE  INSULATION. 


(conductivity  by  Table  VI  equals    .27),  then  i^ 
inches    of  hair-felt    (conductivity  by  Table  VII 


Id 

L 

n 

L 

t 

z: 

SPRUC 

If 
UJ 

0. 

g: 

SPRU< 

^APCTR 

SPRUC 

I 

W 

j 

(7) 

a 

s   (T) 

•in  ^ 

t> 

/x   ^    A^  o 

equals  .32),  then  paper,  spruce,  paper,  hair-felt, 
paper,  spruce,  and  galvanized  iron. 

On  account  of  the  ease  with  which  it  transmits 


FORMULA   FOR  WALL  WITH  AN  AIR-SPACE.      23 

heat,  we  may  pay  no  attention  to  the  galvanized 
iron  except  to  choose  a  value  of  K  midway  between 
that  due  to  the  iron  (.57)  and  that  due  to  the  outer 
painted  surface  (.76). 

Let  us  suppose  the  height  of  the  wall  to  be  10 
feet.  Then  Q=.3o  +J(-57  +»  =-97- 

Let  the  temperature  of  the  outer  air  be  ninety 
degrees  and  that  of  the  inner  twenty  degrees. 
Then  by  formula  (12)  we  have 

M=  _    .97(90-20)  _  = 

= 


7.  Formula  for  a  Wall  Containing  an  Air-space.  — 

Let  figure  4  represent  two  walls  built  with  an  air- 
space, closed  at  top  and  bottom,  between  them. 
Let  x  and  xf  be  the  temperatures  of  the  two  sides 
of  the  air-space,  then  the  heat  will  be  carried 
across  by  radiation  and  by  air  contact,  and  we 
may  say  without  much  error  that 

M  =  (K+K')(x-xf)  =Q(x-xf). 

Now  if  the  air-space  were  filled  with  insulating 
material  of  thickness  E  and  conductivity  C,  the 

Q 

transmission  would  be  equal  to  -(#—  #').      Then 


COLD-STORAGE  INSULATION. 


~F 
in  the  general  formula  we  may  substitute  -~  for  -~ 

and  we  have,  for  one  air-space, 

*-        ^-fV.       •    •    C3» 

C+Q  +  C 


T-i 


/ 


FIGURED. 
and  for  any  number  of  air-spaces 


For  the  notation  see  equation  (12)  of  the  pre 
vious  paragraph. 


FORMULA  FOR  WALL  WITH  AN  AIR-SPACE.      25 

As  a  numerical  example  let  figure  4  represent 
a  double  brick  wall  32  feet  high,  with  an  air- 
space, and  let  each  half  of  the  wall  be  8  inches 
thick.  Let  the  temperature  of  the  outer  air 
be  sixty  degrees  and  that  of  the  inner  forty 
degrees.  Then,  referring  to  the  numerical  ex- 
ample given  in  paragraph  5,  a  solid  brick  wall 
1 6  inches  thick,  we  have  C=$  and  Q=I.OI. 
Then,  by  formula  (13), 


1.01(60—40) 
M=-       -TO-        -5^=3.24. 


/8       i        8 

.01  (-4- +  - 

VS    iioi     5 


Now  the  1 6 -inch  solid  wall  transmitted  3.87 
B.T.U.  per  hour  per  square  foot;  we  have  then 
decreased  the  transmission  about  sixteen  per 
cent  by  adding  the  air-space. 

For  a  second  example  we  may  turn  to  figure  3 
and  suppose  the  hair-felt  removed,  leaving  two 
air-spaces,  but  all  other  conditions  of  the  example 
in  paragraph  6  remaining  unchanged.  In  the 
formula,  then,  we  drop  out  the  term  representing 

the  hair-felt  and  substitute  the  value  of  -,  which 


26  COLD-STORAGE  INSULATION. 


in  this  case  would  be  -          —,= -;    we  have 

.30  +  . 76     i.  06 

then 


M     .97(90-20) 

M  =—        — - — rrr — x —   — ; v —    — ; —^  =9.70. 


2  +.97 


We  have,  in  this  case,  practically  doubled  the 
transmission  by  substituting  air-spaces  for  hair- 
felt. 

These  two  examples  show  how  we  may  deter- 
mine the  value  of  an  air-space  in  any  given  case, 
but  a  general  view  of  the  subject  may  be  useful. 

Returning  to  the  formula,  equation  (13),  or, 
better,  to  the  reasoning  preceding  it,  we  see  that 
the  thickness  of  the  air-space  is  of  no  effect. 
Experiments  have  repeatedly  shown  this  to  be 
true,  or  approximately  so,  for  ordinary  thick- 
nesses. Taking  one  inch  as  a  practical  thickness 

for  ordinary  construction,  and  the  value  of  -^, 
lying  very  near  to  unity,  for  a  material  to  be  of  the 

Q 

same  value  as  the  air-space,  -p  must  equal  unity, 

and  for  the  same  thickness,  namely  one  inch,  C 
must  equal  unity.  This  is  about  true  for  ordinary 


FLOORS  AND   CEILINGS.  27 

spruce ;  for  almost  any  of  the  other  materials  used 
in  insulation  the  air-space  would  be  a  disad- 
vantage in  a  wall  of  fixed  thickness.  Of  course 
an  added  air-space  that  does  not  displace  any 
insulating  material  is  always  a  help,  but  space  is 
frequently  too  valuable  for  this  construction  to 
be  used. 

8.  Floors   and  Ceilings. — The    formulas    of    the 
preceding  paragraph  are  in  strictness  only  appli- 
cable  to   vertical  walls;    but   they  are   equally 
applicable  to  floors  and  ceilings  in  every  respect 
except  the  air-contact  action,  represented  in  the 
formulas  by  the  coefficient  K',  for  the  conduc- 
tivity and  the  radiation  are  of  course  unaffected 
by  the  position  of  the  wall.     In  practical  cases, 
on  account  of  the  considerable  thickness  of  the 
insulation  we  may  use  the  same  value  of  K'  as 
for  the  side  walls  without  fear  of  much  error,  for, 
though  the  air-contact  action  will  be  low  for  the 
ceiling,  it  should  be  high  for  the  floor,  and  the 
average  cannot  be  far  enough  from  the  usual 
value  of  Kr  to  seriously  affect  the  result. 

9.  Experimental   Proof    of    the   Formulas.  —  Re- 
liable experiments  on  the  transmission  of  heat 
through  insulation,   under  conditions  represent- 
ing actual  practice,  are  very  rare,  but  the  following 


28  COLD-STORAGE  INSULATION. 

tests,  made  some  years  ago  by  the  Nonpareil 
Cork  Manufacturing  Co.,  are  believed  to  be  un- 
usually good. 

The  apparatus  consisted  of  an  insulated  box, 
6'X3'X3'  inside  measurement,  containing  an 
electric  heating-coil,  the  whole  placed  in  a  room 
i2'Xio'x8'  maintained  at  a  constant  tempera- 
ture by  air  cooled  by  an  ice-machine.  One  side 
of  the  insulated  box  was  removable,  and  sides 
built  up  of  any  desired  insulation  could  be  sub- 
stituted for  it.  The  area  exposed  was  taken  as 
the  mean  of  the  exterior  and  interior  surfaces. 
The  figures  hereinafter  given  for  the  transmission 
in  each  case  are  per  degree  difference  of  inner  and 
outer  air  temperatures  and  are  taken  from  blue- 
prints issued  by  the  cork  company  about  1899. 
In  another  circular  they  state  that  the  inner  and 
outer  temperatures  were  held  at  one  hundred 
degrees  and  ten  degrees  respectively;  this  does 
not,  however,  enter  into  our  calculations. 

The  insulations  tested  were  all  combinations  of 
spruce  sheathing  and  compressed  sheet  cork; 
they  are  shown  in  detail  in  the  following  figures. 
The  value  of  the  conductivity  of  spruce  we  take 
from  Table  VIII  as  .93;  that  of  water-proof  paper 
.27,  as  indicated  by  Table  VI;  and  that  of  com- 


EXPERIMENTAL  PROOF  OF  THE  FORMULAS.     29 


pressed  sheet  cork  as    .50,  as   indicated  by  the 
experiments    themselves.     The   value   of   K   we 


find  from  Table  I  to  be  .74;    and  from  Table  IV 
K'  is  .33,  and  therefore  Q  equals  1.07. 


30  COLD-STORAGE  INSULATION. 

EXPERIMENT   I. 

INSULATION    AS    SHOWN    IN    FIGURE    5. 

Heat  transmitted,  in  B.T.U.  per  hour,  per 
square  foot,  per  degree  difference  of  temperature  : 
by  the  experiment  =.175. 

By  formula  (12), 


EXPERIMENT  II. 

Insulation  as  in  Exp.  I.,  except  two  inches  of 
cork  instead  of  one  inch. 

Heat  transmitted:  by  experiment  =.135. 
By  formula  (12), 

1.07X1 


2  +1.07(4.10+2) 

EXPERIMENT   III. 

Insulation  as  in  Exp.  II.  except  three  inches 
of  cork  instead  of  two. 

Heat  transmitted:  by  experiment  =.094. 
By  formula  (12), 

1.07X1 


6F-THE 


EXPERIMENTAL  PROOF  OF   THE  FORMUE^r£iof:    ^ 

EXPERIMENT   IV. 

INSULATION    AS    SHOWN    IN    FIGURE    6. 

Heat  transmitted:  by  experiment  =.125. 


or 

(u 

a 
I 

>  SPRUCE:. 

RAPEIR. 

>'  SPRUCE:. 

By  formula  (12), 


M 


1.07  Xi 


2  +1.07 (4  X. 94 +  2  X.i I  +2) 


=  .128 


COLD-STORAGE  INSULATION. 


EXPERIMENT  V. 

INSULATION    AS    SHOWN    IN    FIGURE    7, 

For  the  air-space,      =.93. 


U 


IT 


ffltf 

•.V.-.'* 


&'•;/• 


Heat  transmitted:  by  experiment  =.117 


EXPERIMENTAL  PROOF  OF   THE  FORMULAS.     33 

By  formula  (13), 

1.07X1 

~ 2  +1.07(2  X.94  +  2  X.i i  +2  X2  +.93) 

EXPERIMENT  VI. 

Insulation  as  in  figure  7,  except  that  a  layer 
of  one-inch  cork  is  replaced  by  one  of  seven- 
eighths  spruce  sheathing. 

Heat  transmitted:  by  experiment  =.146 

By  formula  (13), 


2+1.07(3  X.94  +  2  X.i  i  +2  +.93) 


.128 


To  those  who  are  familiar  with  the  difficulties 
of  tests  of  this  kind  the  agreement  between  theory 
and  tests  will  probably  be  not  unsatisfactory, 
except  in  the  case  of  the  last  experiment.  It  will 
be  noticed  that  the  insulation  in  this  experiment 
is  the  same  as  in  the  previous  one  except  that  a 
layer  of  spruce  sheathing  has  been  substituted 
for  a  layer  of  cork.  To  get  the  result  given  in  the 
test  we  should  have  to  assume  the  spruce  to  be 
of  no  value  whatever,  which  is  obviously  absurd. 

Some  steam-pipe  coverings  of  compressed  cork 
were  included  in  some  very  extensive  tests  made 
a  few  years  ago  by  Mr.  Geo.  H.  Barrus,  and  I  have 


34  COLD-STORAGE  INSULATION. 

computed  the  value  of  the  conductivity  in  that 
case  to  have  been  .47.  This  agrees  fairly  with  the 
value  .50  found  to  suit  best  the  tests  just  de- 
scribed. 

10.  Insulation  of  Brine-pipes.  —  In  the  case  of 
a  covered  pipe  conveying  cold  brine  or  ammonia- 
gas,  there  are  four  stages  in  the  process  of  the 
absorption  of  heat: 

i  st.  The  passage  of  the  heat  from  the  air  into 
the  surface  of  the  covering,  by  radiation  from  the 
surrounding  objects  and  the  air-contact  action  of 
the  surrounding  air. 

2d.  The  conduction  of  the  heat  through  the 
covering  from  its  outer  to  its  inner  surface. 

3d.  The  conduction  of  the  heat  through  the 
metal  of  the  pipe 

4th.  The  escape  of  the  heat  from  the  inner 
surface  of  the  pipe  to  the  liquid  or  gas  traversing 
the  pipe. 

On  account  of  the  high  conductivity  of  the 
metal  of  the  pipe,  the  ease  with  which  heat 
escapes  from  a  surface  to  a  rapidly  moving  liquid, 
or  even  gas,  bathing  that  surface,  and  the  small 
quantity  of  heat  permitted  to  pass  by  the  insu- 
lating covering,  we  may  entirely  neglect  the 
third  and  fourth  stages  of  the  process.  This  is 


INSULATION   OF  BRINE-PIPES.  35 

equivalent  to  saying  that  the  temperature  of  the 
inner  surface  of  the  covering  is  the  same  as  that 
of  the  brine  or  gas  circulating  through  the  pipe. 
The  first  and  second  stages  depend  on  exactly 
the  same  principles  as  in  the  case  of  the  walls  of  a 
refrigerated  room,  and  from  these  laws  we  get  the 
following  formula : 


*  If  we  consider  an  infinitely  thin  annular  element  of  the 
covering,  one  foot  long,  at  radius  r,  its  thickness  is  dr,  its  area 
2-xr,  its  conductivity  per  one  foot  thickness  is  C',  equal  to 

— ,  and  the  difference  between  the  temperature  of  its  inner 
12 

and  outer  surfaces  is  dt.  Then,  treating  it  as  a  flat  plate, 
we  have  by  paragraph  4 

TT     27irC'dt  „,    {**  ,       U     CR'dr 

U= — -j — ,      or     C'   I    dt  = —  /       — , 

dr  I ,r  27T    /o          r 

*j  i  «/  K. 

where  t  =  temperature  of  the  outer  surface  of  the  covering. 
Integrating,  and  changing  from  hyperbolic  to  common 
logarithms,  we  get 


2.3(log/?'-log7?)  AT 

We  know  from  the  principles  of  paragraphs  2  and  3  that 


By  combining  these  last  two  equations  and  writing  —  for  C' 
we  get 

U  = 


36  COLD-STORAGE  INSULATION. 

in  which  U  =the  B.T.U.  per    hour  per   foot  run 

absorbed  through  the  covering ; 
77=3.1416; 

R'  =  radius  in  feet  of  the  outer  surface 
of  the  covering  (see  Table  X) ; 

N  =  2. 3  (logarithm  of  J?' —  logarithm  of 
R)  where  R  is  the  radius  in  feet  of 
the  outer  surface  of  the  pipe 
(see  Table  X) ; 

Q  =K  +K',  in  which  K  is  the  radiation 
coefficient  appropriate  to  the  ma- 
terial forming  the  surface  of  the 
covering,  and  is  to  be  taken  from 
Table  I ;  while  Kf  is  the  air-con- 
tact coefficient  to  be  taken  from 
Table  X  or  from  formula  4  or  5  of 
paragraph  3 ; 

C=the  conductivity  of  the  material  of 
the  covering  taken  from  the 
tables  of  paragraph  4 ; 

T  =the  temperature  of  the  air  surround- 
ing the  covered  pipe ; 

f  =the  temperature  of  the  brine  or  gas 
circulating  through  the  pipe. 


INSULATION  OF  BRINE-PIPES. 


37 


TABLE    X. — FOR  USE  WITH  FORMULA  (15). 


Nominai 
Pipe 
Size. 

Thickness 
of  Covering 
in  Inches. 

Radius 
in  Feet. 

Square  Feet 
per 
Foot  Run. 

1  2R'N. 

For  Hori- 
zontal Pipe. 

R'. 

t*R'. 

K', 

O 

•°55 

•356 

.89 

i 

.097 

.609 

.660 

.68 

i 

.138 

.870 

1.530 

.61 

l" 

i* 

.180 

1.130 

2  .  560 

•56 

2 

.221 

1.389 

3.688 

•54 

a| 

.263 

i  .652 

4.928 

•52 

3 

•305 

I-91S 

6  .  260 

•So 

0 

.078 

.491 

•75 

i 

.121 

•759 

•639 

•63 

i 

,I63 

I  .022 

1.425 

•58 

*r 

ii 

.  2O4 

1.283 

2-35° 

•55 

2 

.  246 

I  .546 

3-39° 

•S2 

a| 

.288 

I  .8lO 

4-5°5 

•51 

3 

•329 

2  .069 

5-665 

•50 

o 

.OOO 

.62 

.68 

\ 

vyy 
.141 

.89 

•593 

.60 

i 

.183 

I-15 

1-335 

•56 

2" 

1* 

.224 

1.41 

2  .  190 

•54 

2 

.266 

1.67 

3.J45 

•52 

a* 

.308 

1.94 

4.192 

•5° 

3 

•  349 

2.19 

5-273 

•49 

o 

.  I2O 

.  7  e 

.63 

i 

.162 

/  0 

i  .02 

•579 

**o 

•  58 

i 

.204 

1.28 

i  .  290 

•55 

a*" 

*f 

•245 

i-54 

2-093 

•S2 

2 

.287 

i  .80 

2-997 

•51 

a* 

-328 

2  .06 

3-952 

•5° 

3 

•37° 

2.32 

4-999 

•49 

o 

14-6 

O2 

60 

i 

•    *  *T^J 

.188 

.:?? 

•565 

•56 

j 

.229 

1.44 

i  .240 

•53 

3" 

ii 

.271 

1.70 

2  .OIO 

•51 

2 

•313 

i  .96 

2.857 

•5o 

»* 

•354 

2  .22 

3-754 

•49 

3 

•396 

2.49 

4.730 

•49 

COLD-S  TOR  A  GE  INS  ULA  TION. 


TABLE  X — Continued. 


Nominal 
Pipe 
Size. 

Thickness 
of  Covering 
in  Inches. 

Radius 
in  Feet. 

Square  Feet 
per 
Foot  Run. 

1  2  R'N. 

For  Hori- 
zontal Pipe. 

#'. 

27tR'. 

K'. 

o 

.188 

I.l8 

•56 

i 

.229 

1.44 

•553 

0 

•53 

i 

.271 

1.70 

i  .  196 

•51 

4" 

i* 

•3J3 

I  .96 

I-9IS 

•5° 

2 

•354 

2  .  22 

2.682 

•49 

a| 

•396 

2.49 

3-533 

•49 

3 

•  43« 

2-75 

4-434 

.48 

o 

.  232 

i  .  46 

•   ^3 

i 

O 

•273 

1.72 

•541 

oo 
•51 

i 

•3iS 

i  .98 

i  .  160 

•5° 

5" 

I* 

•357 

2.24 

1.847 

-49 

2 

.398 

2.50 

2-574 

.49 

a* 

.440 

2.77 

3-371 

.48 

3 

.482 

3-°3 

4  .  220 

.48 

0 

.276 

J-73 

•51 

i 

.318 

2  .00 

•534 

•5° 

i 

•359 

2.26 

I-I33 

-49 

6" 

i* 

.401 

2.52 

l-795 

-49 

2 

•  443 

2.78 

2.512 

.48 

a| 

.484 

3-°4 

3-259 

.48 

3 

•  526 

3-30 

4.063 

•47 

o 

•5  r  Q 

2  .  26 

4.0 

i 

•  o  jy 
.401 

2.52 

•529 

•  ty 

•  49 

i 

•  443 

2.78 

I  .  IIO 

•  48 

8" 

i* 

.484 

3-04 

1.738 

.48 

2 

.  526 

3-30 

2  .410 

•47 

2* 

.568 

3-57 

3.120 

•47 

3 

.609 

3-83 

3.859 

•  46 

For  a  numerical  example  we  will  take  a  ij- 
inch  standard  pipe,  running  horizontally,  covered 
with  an  insulation  "two  inches  thick  and  of  con- 
ductivity .64.  Let  the  temperature  of  the  sur- 


INSULATION   OF  BEINE-PIPES.  39 

rounding  air  be  eighty  degrees  and  the  brine 
within  the  pipe  be  at  a  temperature  of  twenty 
degrees.  What  will  be  the  absorption  of  heat 
per  hour  per  foot  run  in  B.T.U.  ? 

In  this  example  we  may  take  the  quantities 
2nK,  i2NR',  and  Kf  directly  from  Table  X;  their 
values  are  1.55,  3.39,  and  .52  respectively.  If  we 
suppose  the  outer  surface  of  the  covering  coated 
with  paint  we  may  take  K=  .76,  then  Q=  .52  +  .76 
=  1.28  and  our  formula  becomes 


1.55  Xi. 28(80-20) 

3-39X...8      -5-30. 

.64 


If  the  brine  in  this  pipe  were  to  travel  at  a 
speed  of  1 50  feet  per  minute,  there  would  pass  in 
one  hour  8940  pounds  of  a  specific  gravity  of  1.12 
and  a  specific  heat  of  .86.  To  raise  the  tempera- 
ture of  this  one  degree  would  require  8940  X. 8 6 
=  7688  B.T.U.  If  we  divide  this  figure  by  15.30 
we  get  the  length  of  pipe  through  which  the  brine 
may  be  carried  before  its  temperature  rises  one 
degree.  This  works  out  at  about  500  feet. 

Returning  to  formula  (15)  we  see  at  once  that 
the  amount  of  heat  absorbed  varies  directly  as  the 


40  COLD-STORAGE  INSULATION. 

difference  of  temperatures  of  the  surrounding  air 
and  the  brine.  In  regard  to  the  variation  due  to 
the  conductivity,  C,  of  the  covering,  we  see  from 
the  formula  that  although  the  absorption  does  not 
vary  directly  with  this,  still  the  departure  from 
this  law  is  not  great.  Thus  in  our  numerical 
example,  if  we  had  employed  hair-felt  with  a  con- 
ductivity of  .32  instead  of  the  material  with  C 
equal  to  .64  we  should  have  found  U  to  equal  8.17, 
which  is  not  so  far  from  half  of  15.30.  But  in 
regard  to  the  variation  of  the  absorption  as  the 
thickness  of  the  covering  is  changed  the  law  is 
complicated.  If  we  consider  a  covering  com- 
posed of  two  cylindrical  layers  of  equal  thickness, 
it  is  evident  that  while  the  resistance  due  to 
thickness  will  be  the  same  in  both,  the  outer  layer 
will  present  a  greater  area  for  the  passage  of  the 
incoming  heat  and  therefore  will  be  less  effective 
than  the  inner  layer.  Moreover,  the  addition  of 
the  outer  layer  has  increased  the  superficial  area 
per  foot  run,  thus  giving  a  greater  opportunity 
for  air  contact  and  radiation.  The  greater  the 
diameter  of  the  pipe  the  nearer  does  each  layer 
come  to  being  equally  effective.  Returning  to 
our  numerical  example  the  variation  of  absorp- 
tion with  thickness  would  be  as  follows: 


INSULATION   OF  BRINE-PIPES.  4* 


(C~  •  64)  (Diff.  of  Temp.  =  60°) 

I"  26.55 

1  "  20.58 

ij"  17-35 

2  "  15.30 

By  the  principles  laid  down  in  paragraphs  2  and 
3  the  absorption  of  heat  by  a  bare  pipe  under  the 
conditions  of  our  numerical  example  can  be 
readily  obtained. 

The  formula  is  : 

U=2KR'Q(T-t'\      .     .     .     (16) 

and  from  Table  X,  2nR'  is  .491,  while  K'  is  .75. 
From  Table  I,  K  is  about  .57,  therefore  Q  =  .75  + 
.57  =  1.32  and  U  =.491  Xi.  32  X6o  =38.89. 

This  figure  shows  that  the  two  -inch  covering 
has  reduced  the  loss  to  15.30-^-38.89=39.4  per 
cent  of  that  which  occurs  with  a  bare  pipe.  If 
the  covering  had  been  of  hair-felt,  which  repre- 
sents about  the  highest  commercially  obtainable 
efficiency,  the  loss  would  be  only  8.17^-38.89  =  21 
per  cent.  Of  course  a  bare  pipe  would  soon  coat 
itself  with  snow  and  thus  decrease  the  absorption, 
but  for  purposes  of  comparison  we  cannot  consider 
this. 


IMPORTANT   BOOKS. 


-ON- 


Refrigeration  and  Ice-Making. 


-«*M- 


Dixon,  A.  J. — Manual  of  Tee-Making  and  Refrigerating1 
Machines.  A  Treatise  on  the  Theory  and  Practice  of 
Cold-Production  by  Mechanical  Means.  16mo,  cloth. 
St.  Louis,  1894 $1.00 

Hausbrand,  E.— Evaporating,  Condensing  and  Cooling 
Apparatus;  Explanations,  Formulae,  and  Tables  for 
Use  in  Practice.  Translated  from  the  Second  Re- 
vised German  Edition  by  A.  C.  Wright,  M.  A.  With 
numerous  figures,  tables  and  Diagrams.  Bvo.,  Cloth. 
Illustrated.  400pp.  London,  1902 net  5.00 

Leask,  A.  Ritchie.— Refrigerating  Machinery.  Its  Prin- 
ciples and  Management.  With  numerous  illustra- 
tions Second  Edition,  Revised.  Svo.,  Cloth.  296pp. 
London,  1901 2.00 

Ledoux,  M.— Ice-Making  Machines:  The  Theory  of  the 
action  of  the  various  forms  of  cold-producing,  or  so- 
called  Ice  Machines.  Translated,  revised  and  trans- 
formed into  English  units  by  J.  E.  Den  ton,  D.  S. 
Jacobus  and  A.  Reisenberger.  With  tables,  figures 
and  diagrams.  Fifth  Edition,  Revised.  16mo, 
Cloth.  Illustrated.  190pp.  New  York,  1902 50 

Levy,  J.— Refrigerating  Memoranda;  a  collection  of  use- 
ful information  relating  to  Ice- Making  and  Refrigera- 
ting, gathered  from  engine-room  practice.  With 
tables  and  diagrams.  32mo,  limp  leather,  illustrated. 
76  pp.  Chicago,  1902 75 

Lorez,  H.  (Prof.)— Modern  Refrigerating  Machinery;  Its 
Construction,  Methods  of  Working  and  Industrial 
Applications.  A  guide  for  Engineers  and  Owners  of 
Refrigerating  Plants.  Authorized  Translation  from 
the  Third  German  Edition  by  Thos.  H.  Pope,  B.Sc., 
with  chapters  on  American  Practice  in  Refrigeration, 
Insulation,  Auditorium,  and  Other  Cooling,  by  H.  M. 
Haven,  S.B.,  and  F.  W.  Dean,  S.B.  8vo.,  Cloth, 
Illustrated,  396  pp.  New  York,  1905 net  4.00 


Paulding,  C.  P.— Practical  Laws  and  Data  on  the  Con- 
densation of  Steam  in  Covered  and  Bare  Pipes;  to 
which  is  added  a  translation  of  Peclet's  "Theory  and 
Experiments  on  the  Transmission  of  Heat  through 
Insulating  Materials. "  With  tables,  figures  and  dia- 
grams. Svo.,  Cloth,  illustrated.  102pp.  New  York, 
1904 net  2.00 

Transmission  of  Heat  through  Cold-Storage  Insu- 
lation: Formulas,  Principles  and  Data  relating  to 
insulation  of  every  kind.  A  manual  for  refrigerating 
engineers.  12mo,  cloth.  41  pages,  Illustrated. 
New  York,  1905 net  1.00 

Kedwood,  I.  I.— Theoretical  and  Practical  Ammonia  Re- 
frigeration. A  practical  handbook  for  the  use  of 
those  in  charge  of  refrigerating  plants.  Illustrated, 
with  numerous  Tables.  Third  edition,  revised 
and  corrected.  12mo,  cloth.  New  York,  1898 1.00 

Schmidt,  L.  M.,  Ph.B.— Principles  and  Practice  of  Artifi- 
cial Ice- Making  and  Refrigerating.  Comprising 
principles  and  general  consideration — practice  as 
shown  by  particular  systems  and  apparatus — insula- 
tion of  cold-storage  and  ice-houses,  refrigerators,  etc. 
Useful  information  and  tables.  Illustrated  with  nu- 
merous folding  plates  and  diagrams.  Second  ed- 
ition, Revised  and  enlarged.  8vo.,  cloth,  illustrat- 
ed. 291  pp.  Philadelphia,  1904 2.50 

Selfe,  N.— Machinery  for  Refrigeration:  being  sundry 
observations  with  regard  to  the  principal  appliances 
employed  in  ice-making  and  refrigeration,  and  upon 
the  laws  relating  to  the  expansion  and  compression 
of  gases,  principally  from  an  Australian  standpoint. 
Containing  many  tables,  diagrams  and  half-tone  cuts. 
Svo,  Cloth,  illustrated.  Chicago,  1904 3.50 

Siebel,  J.  E. — Compend  of  Mechanical  Refrigeration.  A 
comprehensive  digest  of  Applied  Energetics  and 
Thermodynamics  for  the  Practical  Use  of  Ice-Manu- 
facturers, Cold-Storage  Men,  Contractors,  Engineers, 
Brewers,  Packers  and  others  interested  in  the  Appli- 
cation of  Refrigeration.  With  numerous  tables. 
Sixth  Edition.  8vo.,  cloth.  389  pp.  Chicago, 
1904 net  3.00 

Stephanshy,  P.  C.  O.— The  practical  running  of  an  Ice 

and  Refrigerating  Plant.     Illustrated.     Boston,  1897    2.00 

Vincent,  C. — Ammonia  and  its  Compounds:  their  manufac- 
ture and  uses.  Translated  from  the  French  by  M.  J. 
Salter.  113  pp.  illustrated.  8vo.,  cloth.  1901.  net  2.00 


Voorhees,  G.  T.,  S.  B.— Indicating  the  Refrigerating  Ma- 
chine: The  application  of  the  Indicator  to  the  Am- 
monia Compressor  and  Steam  Engine,  with  practical 
instructions  relating  to  the  construction  and  use  of 
the  Indicator  and  reading  and  computing  Indicator 
cards.  Illustrated  with  full  page  cuts,  diagrams  and 
tables.  16mo.,  cloth,  oblong,  illustrated.  179  pp. 
Chicago,  1899 net  1.00 

Wallis-Tayler,  A.  J.,  C.E.— Refrigeration  and  Cold-Stor- 
age, and  Ice- Making.  A  practical  treatise  on  the 
art  and  science  of  refrigeration.  With  361  cuts  and 
diagrams.  8vo.,  cloth,  illustrated.  London,  1902. 
net  45 

Pocket-Book  of  Refrigeration  and  Ice-Making.  Fourth 
Edition,  Enlarged.  With  31  diagrams  and  num- 
erous tables.  12mo,  Cloth,  Illustrated.  184  pp.  New 
York,  1905 1.50 

Williams,  H.— Mechanical  Refrigeration.  Being  a  Prac- 
tical Introduction  to  the  Study  of  Cold  Storage,  Ice 
Making,  and  Other  Purposes  to  which  Refrigeration 
is  being  applied.  12mo,  cloth,  Illustrated.  406  pp. 
New  York,  1903 net  2.25 

D.   Van    Nostrand    Company, 

publishers  an£>  Booksellers, 

23  Murray  and  27  Warren  Sts.,  NEW   YORK. 


Catalogue  of  Scientific  Publications 

and  Importations  of  the  D.  Van  Nostr  and  Company, 
23  Murray  Street  and  2J  Warren  Street,  New  York. 


ABC  CODE.     (See  Clausen-Time.) 

ABBOT,  H.  L.,  Gen1!.     The  Defence  of  the  Seacoast  of 

the  United  States.  Lectures  delivered  before  the  U.  S.  Naval 
War  College.  8vo,  red  cloth $2.00 

ABBOTT,  A.  V.     The  Electrical  Transmission  of  Energy. 

A  Manual  for  the  Design  of  Electrical  Circuits.  New  edition,  re- 
vised, and  entirely  rewritten.  Fully  illustrated.  8 vo,  cloth.  $4.50 

ADAM,    P.     Practical     Bookbinding.     With    illustrations 

and  figures.  Translated  from  the  German  by  Thomas  E.  Maw. 
8vo,  cloth,  illustrated net,  $2. 50 

ADAMS,  J.  W.  Sewers  and  Drains  for  Populous  Dis- 
tricts. Embracing  Rules  and  Formulas  for  the  dimensions  and 
construction  of  works  of  Sanitary  Engineers.  8vo,  cloth. ...  $2 . 50 

ADDYMAN,    F.    T.      Practical    X-Ray    Work.      Part    I, 

Historical.  Part  II,  Apparatus  and  its  Management.  Part  III, 
Practical  X-Ray  Work.  Illustrated  with  twelve  plates  from 
photographs.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated net ,  $4 . 00 

A  1  CODE.     (See  Clausen-Thue.) 

AIKMAN,   C.   M.,   Prof.     Manures   and  the   Principles   of 

Manuring.     8vo,  cloth $2 . 50 

ALEXANDER,    J.    H.     Universal    Dictionary    of   Weights 

and  Measures,  Ancient  and  Modern,  reduced  to  the  Standards  of 
the  United  States  of  America.  New  Edition,  enlarged.  8vo, 
cloth $3.50 

ALEXANDER,  S.  A.     Broke  Down:    What  Should  I  Do? 

A  Ready  Reference  and  Key  to  Locomotive  Engineers  and  Fire- 
men, Round-house  Machinists,  Conductors,  Train  Hands  and 
Inspectors.  With  5  folding  plates.  12mo,  cloth $1 .50 


2  D.  VAN  NOSTRAND  COMPANY'S 

ANDERSON,  G.  L.,   A.M.      (Captain    of    IT.  S.  Artillery). 

Handbook  for  the  use  of  Electricians  in  the  operation  and  care 
of  Electrical  Machinery  and  Apparatus  of  the  United  States  Sea- 
coast  Defenses.  Prepared  under  the  direction  of  the  Lieutenant- 
General  Commanding  the  Army.  With  tables,  diagrams  and 
illustrations.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated $3 . 00 

ANDERSON,  J.    W.     Prospector's   Handbook.     A  Guide 

for  the  Prospector  and  Traveller  in  search  of  Metal-bearing  or  other 
Valuable  Minerals.  Eighth  Edition,  revised.  8vo,  cloth. . .  .$1 .50 

ANDERSON,  W.     On  the  Conversion  of  Heat  into  Work. 

A  Practical  Handbook  on  Heat-engines.  Third  Edition.  Illus- 
trated. 12mo,  cloth $2.25 

ANDES,   L.     Vegetable    Fats    and    Oils:     Their    Practical 

Preparation,  Purification  and  Employment  for  Various  Purposes. 
Their  Properties,  Adulteration  and  Examination.  A  Handbook 
for  Oil  Manufacturers  and  Refiners,  Candle,  Soap  and  Lubricating- 
oil  Manufacturers,  and  the  Oil  and  Fat  Industry  in  general.  Trans- 
lated from  the  German.  With  94  illus.  8vo,  cloth net,  $4 . 00 

Animal  Fats  and  Oils.  Their  Practical  Produc- 
tion, Purification  and  Uses  for  a  great  variety  of  purposes;  their 
Properties,  Falsification  and  Examination.  A  Handbook  for 
Manufacturers  of  Oil  and  Fat  Products,  Soap  and  Candle  Makers, 
Agriculturists,  Tanners,  etc.  Translated  by  Charles  Salter. 
With  62  illustrations.  8vo,  cloth net ,  $4 . 00 

Drying  Oils,  Boiled  Oil,  and  Solid  and  Liquid  Driers. 

A  practical  work  for  manufacturers  of  Oils,  Varnishes,  Printing 
Inks,  Oilcloth  and  Linoleum,  Oil-cakes,  Paints,  etc.  8vo,  cloth, 
illustrated net,  $5.00 

Iron     Corrosion,     Anti-fouling     and     Anti-corrosive 

Paints.  Translated  from  the  German  by  Charles  Salter.  Illus- 
trated with  engravings  and  half-tone  cuts.  8vo,  cloth,  .net,  $4.00 

Oil    Colors,  and    Printers'  Ink.     A    Practical    Hand 

book  treating  of  Linseed-oil,  Boiled  Oil,  Paints,  Artists'  Colors, 
Lampblack,  and  Printers'  Inks  (black  and  colored).  Translated 
from  the  German  by  Arthur  Morris  and  Herbert  Robson.  With 
56  figures  and  diagrams.  8vo,  cloth,  212  pages net,  $2. 50 

ARNOLD,    E.       Armature    Windings    of     Direct-Current 

Dynamos.  Extension  and  Application  of  a  General  Winding 
Rule.  Translated  from  the  original  German  by  Francis  B. 
DeGress,  M.E.  With  numerous  illustrations.  8vo,  cloth. .  .  $2 . 00 


SCIENTIFIC  PUBLICATIONS.  3 

ARNOLD,  R.,  Dr.  Ammonia  and  Ammonium  Com- 
pounds. A  Practical  Manual  for  Manufacturers,  Chemists,  Gas 
Engineers  and  Drysalters.  Second  Edition.  1 2mo ,  cloth. ...  $2 . 00 

Art  of  Dyeing  Wool,  Silk  and  Cotton.     Translated  from 

the  French  of  M.  Hellott,  M.  Mat 
First  published  in  English  in  1789 


the  French  of  M.  Hellott,  M.  Macquer  and  M.  Le  Pileur  D'Apligny. 
in  1789.   8vo,  cloth,  illustrated,  net,  $2 . 00 


ASHE,    S.  W.,   and  KEILEY,   J.  D.      Electric  Railways, 

Theoretically  and  Practically  Treated.  With  200  diagrams  and 
engravings.  Ready  Sept.,  1904. 

ATKINSON,   A.   A.,   Prof.     (Ohio   University).     Electrical 

and  Magnetic  Calculations,  for  the  use  of  Electrical  Engineers  and 
Artisans,  Teachers,  Students  and  all  others  interested  in  the 
Theory  and  Application  of  Electricity  and  Magnetism.  Second 
Edition,  revised.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated net,  $1 . 50 

ATKINSON,    P.      The     Elements     of     Electric     Lighting. 

including  Electric  Generation,  Measurement,  Storage  and  Dis 
tribution.  Tenth  Edition,  fully  revised  and  new  matter  added- 
lUustrated.  12mo,  cloth $1 . 50 

The  Elements  of  Dynamic  Electricity  and  Mag- 
netism. Fourth  Edition.  120  illustrations.  12mo,  cloth.  .  $2.00 

Power  Transmitte  by  Electricity  and  its  Appli- 
cation by  the  Elecfric  Motor,  including  Electric  Railway  Con- 
struction. Fourth  Edition,  fully  revised,  new  matter  added. 
12mo,  cloth,  illustrated ' $2.00 

AUCHINCLOSS,  W.  S.  Link  and  Valve  Motions  Sim- 
plified. Illustrated  with  29  woodcuts  and  20  lithographic  plates, 
together  with  a  Travel  Scale,  and  numerous  useful  tables.  Four- 
teenth Edition,  revised.  8vo,  cloth $2 . 00 

AXON,  W.  E.  A.     The  Mechanic's  Friend.     A  Collection 

of  Receipts  and  Practical  Suggestions  relating  to  Aquaria,  Bronz- 
ing, Cements,  Drawing,  Dyes,  Electricity,  Gilding,  Glass-working, 
Glues,  Horology,  Lacquers,  Locomotives,  Magnetism,  Metal-work- 
ing, Modelling,  Photography,  Pyrotechny,  Railways,  Solders, 
Steam-engine,  Telegraphy,  Taxidermy,  Varnishes,  Waterproofing, 
and  Miscellaneous  Tools,  Instruments,  Machines  and  Processes 
connected  with  the  Chemical  and  Mechanic  Arts.  With  numerous 
diagrams  and  woodcuts.  12mo,  cloth,  illustrated $1 . 50 

AYRTON,  H.  The  Electrical  Arc.  With  numerous  fig- 
ures, diagrams  and  plates.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated.  .' $5.00 


4  D.  VAN  NOSTRAND  COMPANY'S 

AYRTON,  W.  E.,  M.I.C.E.     Practical  Electricity.    A  Labo- 

ratory and  Lecture  Course  for  the  first-year  students  of  Electrical 
Engineering,  based  on  the  International  Definitions  of  the  Electri- 
cal Units.  Vol.  I,  Current,  Pressure,  Resistance,  Energy,  Power, 
and  Cells.  Completely  rewritten  and  containing  many  figures 
and  diagrams.  12mo,  cloth  ............................  $2  .  00 

BACON,  F.  W.     A  Treatise  on  the  Richards  Steam-engine 

Indicator,  with  directions  for  its  use.  By  Charles  T.  Porter. 
Revised,  with  notes  and  large  additions  as  developed  by  American 
practice;  with  an  appendix  containing  useful  formulae  and  rules 
for  engineers.  Illustrated.  Fourth  Edition.  12mo,  cloth.  .  $1.00 

BADT,  F.  B.     New  Dynamo   Tender's  Handbook.     With 
140  illustrations.     16mo,  cloth  .........................   $1  .OC 

--  Bell-hangers'     Handbook.       With     97    illustrations. 

Second  Edition.     16mo,  cloth  ..........................   $1  .  00 

--  Incandescent   Wiring    Handbook.      With  35  illustra- 
tions and  5  tables.     Fifth  Edition.     16mo,  cloth  ...........   $1  .00 

--  Electric    Transmission    Handbook.      With    22    illus- 

trations and  27  tables.     16mo,  cloth  .....................  $1  .  00 

BAKER,  Arthur  L.,  Prof.  (Univ.  of  Rochester).     Quater- 

nions .............................................  In  Press. 

BAKER,  M.  N.     Potable  Water  and  Methods  of  Detect- 

ing Impurities.    16nto,  cloth.     (Van  Nostrand's  Science  Series)    .50 

BALCH,    G.    T.,    Col.     Methods    of    Teaching    Patriotism 

in  the  Public  Schools.     8vo,  cloth  .......................   $1  .  00 

BALE,   M.   P.     Pumps   and  Pumping.     A   Handbook   for 

Pump  Users.     12mo,  cloth  .............................   $1  .  50 

BARBA,  J.     The  Use  of  Steel  for  Constructive  Purposes. 

and    Testing   Plates   and   Bars. 
C.E.     12mo,  cloth  ......  $1  .50 


,     . 

Method   of    Working,    Applying   and    Testing   Plates   and   Bars. 
With  a  Preface  by  A.  L.  Holley, 


BARKER,   A.    H.     Graphic   Methods    of   Engine   Design. 

Including  a  Graphical  Treatment  of  the  Balancing  of  Engines. 
12mo,  cloth  ..........................................  $1  .  50 

BARNARD,    F.    A.    P.     Report   on   Machinery   and   Pro- 

cesses of  the  Industrial  Arts  and  Apparatus  of  the  Exact  Sciences 
at  the  Paris  Universal  Exposition,  1867.  152  illustrations  and 
8  folding  plates.  8vo,  cloth  ...........................  $5  .  00 


SCIENTIFIC  PUBLICATIONS.  5 

BARNARD,  J.  H.     The  Naval  Militiaman's  Guide.     Full 

leather,  pocket  size $1 . 25 

BARRUS,   G.   H.     Boiler  Tests:    Embracing  the   Results 

of  one  hundred  and  thirty-seven  evaporative  tests,  made  on 
seventy-one  boilers,  conducted  by  the  author.  8vo,  cloth .  $3 . 00 

Engine  Tests:     Embracing  the   Results  of  over  one 

hundred  feed-water  tests  and  other  investigations  of  various 
kinds  of  steam-engines,  conducted  by  the  author.  With  numer- 
ous figures,  tables,  and  diagrams.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated.  .  $4.00 
The  two  books  sent  prepaid  for $6 . 00 

BARWISE,    S.,    M.D.     (London).      The    Purification    of 

Sewage.  Being  a  brief  account  of  the  Scientific  Principles  of 
Sewage  Purification  and  their  Practical  Application.  12mo, 
cloth,  illustrated $2.00 

The    Bacterial    Purification     of    Sewage.     Being    a 

Practical  Account  of  the  Various  Modern  Biological  Methods  of 
Purifying  Sewage.  With  plates  and  diagrams.  8vo,  cloth, 
illustrated net,  $2 . 50 

BAUER'S  Marine  Engines  and  Boilers In  Press. 

BAUMEISTER,  R.     The  Cleaning  and  Sewerage  of  Cit'es. 

Adapted  from  the  German  with  permission  of  the  author.  By 
J.  M.  Goodell,  C.E.  Second  Edition,  revised  and  corrected,  to- 
gether with  an  additional  appendix.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated.  $2.00 

BEAUMONT,    R.     Color    in    Woven    Design.     With    32 

colored  plates  and  numerous  original  illustrations.  Large, 
12mo $7.50 

BEECH,    F.     Dyeing    of    Cotton    Fabrics.     A    Practical 

Handbook  for  the  Dyer  and  Student.  Containing  numerous 
recipes  for  the  production  of  Cotton  Fabrics  of  all  kinds,  of  a  great 
range  of  colors,  thus  making  it  of  great  service  in  the  dye-house, 
while  to  the  student  it  is  of  value  in  that  the  scientific  principles 
which  underlie  the  operations  of  dyeing  are  clearly  laid  down. 
With  44  illustrations  of  Bleaching  and  Dyeing  Machinery.  8vo, 
cloth,  illustrated net,  $3 . 00 

-  —  Dyeing    of    Woolen    Fabrics.     With    diagrams    and 

figures.     8vo,  cloth,  illustrated net,  $3 . 50 

BECKWITH,  A.     Pottery.     Observations  on  the  Materials 

and  Manufacture  of  Terra-cotta,  Stoneware,  Firebrick,  Porce- 
lain, Earthenware,  Brick,  Majolica,  and  Encaustic  Tiles.  Second 
Edition.  8vo,  paper 6ti 


6  D.  VAN  NOSTRAND  COMPANY'S 

BEGTRUP,  J.,  M.E.      The  Slide  Valve  and  its  Functions. 

With  Special  Reference  to  Modern  Practice  in  the  United  States. 
With  numerous  diagrams  and  figures.  8vo,  cloth $2.00 

BERNTHSEN,    A.      A  Text-book    of    Organic    Chemistry. 

Translated  by  George  M'Gowan,  Ph.D.  Fourth  English  Edition, 
revised  and  extended  by  author  and  translator.  Illustrated. 
12mo,  cloth $2 . 50 

BERSCH,    J.,    Dr.     Manufacture    of    Mineral    and    Lake 

Pigments.  Containing  directions  for  the  manufacture  of  all 
artificial  artists'  and  painters'  colors,  enamel  colors,  soot  and 
metallic  pigments.  A  text-book  for  Manufacturers,  Merchants, 
Artists  and  Painters.  Translated  from  the  second  revised  edition 
by  Arthur  C.  Wright,  M.A.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated net,  $5.00 

BERTIN,  L.  E.     Marine  Boilers:    Their  Construction  and 

Working,  dealing  more  especially  with  Tubulous  Boilers.  Trans- 
lated by  Leslie  S.  Robertson,  Assoc.  M.  Inst.  C.E.,  M.  I.  Mech.  E., 
M.I.N.A.,  containing  upward  of  250  illustrations.  Preface  by 
Sir  William  White,  K.C.B.,  F.R.S.,  Director  of  Naval  Construc- 
tion to  the  Admiralty,  and  Assistant  Controller  of  the  Navy. 
New  and  Revised  Edition.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated $7.50 

BIGGS,    C.    H.    W.     First    Principles    of    Electricity    and 

Magnetism.  A  book  for  beginners  in  practical  work,  containing 
a  good  deal  of  useful  information  not  usually  to  be  found  in 
similar  books.  With  numerous  tables  and  343  diagrams  and 
figures.  12mo,  cloth,  illustrated $2 . 00 

BINNS,  C.  F.     Ceramic  Technology.     Being  Some  Aspects 

of  Technical  Science  as  applied  to  Pottery  Manufacture.  8vo, 
cloth net,  $5 . 00 

Manual  of  Practical  Potting.     Compiled  by  Experts. 

Third  Edition,  revised  and  enlarged.     8vo,  cloth net,  $7 . 50 

BIRCHMORE,  W.  H.,  Dr.     How  to  Use  a  Gas  Analysis. 

12mo,  cloth,  illustrated In  Press. 

BLAKE,  W.  P.     Report  upon  the  Precious  Metals.     Being 

Statistical  Notices  of  the  Principal  Gold  and  Silver  producing 
regions  of  the  world,  represented  at  the  Paris  Universal  Exposi- 
tion. 8vo,  cloth $2 . 00 

BLAKESLEY,  T.  H.     Alternating  Currents  of  Electricity. 

For  the  use  of  Students  and  Engineers.  Third  Edition,  enlarged. 
12mo,  cloth $1.50 


SCIENTIFIC  PUBLICATIONS.  7 

BLYTH,  A.  W.,  M.R.C.S.,  F.C.S.  Foods:  Their  Com- 
position and  Analysis.  A  Manual  for  the  use  of  Analytical 
Chemists,  with  an  Introductory  Essay  on  the  History  of  Adultera- 
tions. With  numerous  tables  and  illustrations.  Fifth  Edition, 
thoroughly  revised,  enlarged  and  rewritten.  8vo,  cloth $7.50 

Poisons :     Their   Effects   and   Detection.     A   Manual 

for  the  use  of  Analytical  Chemists  and  Experts,  with  an  Intro- 
ductory Essay  on  the  Growth  of  Modern  Toxicology.  Third 
Edition,  revised  and  enlarged.  8vo,  cloth $7.50 

BODMER,   G.  R.     Hydraulic  Motors  and  Turbines.     For 

the  use  of  Engineers, 'Manufacturers  and  Students.  Third  Edi- 
tion, revised  and  enlarged.  With  192  illustrations.  12mo, 
cloth $5.00 

BOILEAU,  J.  T.     A  New  and  Complete  Set  of  Traverse 

Tables,  showing  the  Difference  of  Latitude  and  Departure  of 
every  minute  of  the  Quadrant  and .  to  five  places  of  decimals. 
8vo,  cloth $5 . 00 

BONNEY,     G.    E.      The     Electro-platers'   Handbook.      A 

Manual  for  Amateurs  and  Young  Students  of  Electro-metallurgy. 
60  illustrations.  12mo,  cloth $1 . 20 

BOTTONE,     S.     R.     Electrical    Instrument    Making    for 

Amateurs.  A  Practical  Handbook.  With  48  Illustrations. 
Fifth  Edition,  revised.  12mo,  cloth 50 

Electric   Bells,    and   All   About   Them.     A   Practical 

Book  for  Practical  Men.  With  more  than  100  Illustrations. 
Fourth  Edition,  revised  and  enlarged.  12mo,  cloth 50 

Electro-motors:     How    Made    and    How    Used.      A 

Handbook  for  Amateurs  and  Practical  Men.  Second  Edition. 
12mo,  cloth 75 

BOURRY,  E.     Treatise  on  Ceramic  Industries.    A  Complete 

Manual  for  Pottery,  Tile  and  Brick  Works.  Translated  from 
the  French  by  Wilton  P.  Rix.  With  323  figures  and  illustrations. 
8vo,  cloth,  illustrated net,  $8 . 50 

BOW,  R.  H.  A  Treatise  on  Bracing.  With  its  applica- 
tion to  Bridges  and  other  Structures  of  Wood  or  Iron.  156  illus- 
trations. 8vo,  cloth $1 . 50 

BOWIE,   AUG.   J.,   Jr.,   M.E.      A    Practical    Treatise   on 

Hydraulic  Mining  in  California.  With  Description  of  the  Use 
and  Construction  of  Ditches,  Flumes,  Wrought-iron  Pipes  and 
Dams;  Flow  of  Water  on  Heavy  Grades,  and  its  Applicability, 
under  High  Pressure,  to  Mining.  Ninth  Edition.  Small  quarto, 
cloth.  Illustrated $5.00 


8  D.  VAN  NOSTRAND  COMPANY'S 

BOWKER,  Wm.   R.      Dynamo,  Motor    and   Switchboard 

Circuits.  For  Electrical  Engineers.  A  practical  book,  dealing 
with  the  subject  of  Direct,  Alternating,  and  Polyphase  Currents. 
With  over  100  diagrams  and  engravings.  8vo,  cloth.  .  net,  $2.25 

BOWSER,    E.    A.,    Prof.     An    Elementary    Treatise    on 

Analytic  Geometry.  Embracing  Plane  Geometry,  and  an  Intro- 
duction to  Geometry  of  three  Dimensions.  Twenty-first  Edition. 
12mo,  cloth $1 . 75 

An    Elementary    Treatise    on    the    Differential    and 

Integral  Calculus.  With  numerous  examples.  Twentieth  Edition. 
12mo,  cloth .... .., $2.25 

An  Elementary  Treatise  on  Analytic  Mechanics.  With 

numerous  examples.     Sixteenth  Edition.     12mo,  cloth $3.00 

An  Elementary  Treatise  on  Hydro-mechanics.     With 

numerous  examples.     Fifth  Edition.     12mo,  cloth $2.50 

A  Treatise  on  Roofs  and  Bridges.     With  Numerous 

Exercises,  especially  adapted  for  school  use.  12mo,  cloth. 
Illustrated net,  $2. 25 

BRASSEY'S   Naval   Annual   for    1904.     Edited    by   T.   A. 

Brassey.  With  numerous  full-page  diagrams,  half-tone  illustra- 
tions and  tables.  Eighteenth  year  of  publication.  Cvo,  cloth, 
illustrated net,  $6.00 

BRAUN,  E.     The  Baker's  Book:    A  Practical  Handbook 

of  the  Baking  Industry  in  all  Countries.  Profusely  illustrated 
with  diagrams,  engravings,  and  full-page  colored  plates.  Trans- 
lated into  English  and  edited  by  Emil  Braun.  Vol.  I.,  Svo, 

cloth,  illustrated,  308  pages $2 . 50 

Vol.  II.  363  pages,  illustrated $2 .50 

British    Standard    Sections.     Issued    by    the    Engineering 

Standards  Committee,  Supported  by  The  Instituticn  of  Civil 
Engineers,  The  Institution  of  Mechanical  Engineers,  The  Institu- 
tion of  Naval  Architects,  The  Iron  and  Steel  Institute,  and  The 
Institution  of  Electrical  Engineers.  Comprising  9  plates  of 
diagrams,  with  letter-press  and  tables.  Oblong  pamphlet, 
8fXl5 SI. 00 

BROWN,  WM.  N.     The  Art  of  Enamelling  on  Metal.  With 

figures  and  illustrations.     12mo,  cloth,  illustrated net,  $1 . 00 

Handbook  on  Japanning  and  Enamelling,  for  Cycles, 

Bedsteads,  Tinware,  etc.     12mo,  cloth,  illustrated. net,  $  1 . 50 


SCIENTIFIC  PUBLICATIONS.  9 

BROWN,  WM.  N.    House  Decorating  and  Painting.     With 

Numerous  illustrations.     12mo,  cloth net,  $1 . 50 

History  of  Dscorative  Art.  With  Designs  and  Illus- 
trations. 12mo,  cloth net,  $1 . 25 

Principle  and  Practice  of  Dipping,  Burnishing,  Lac- 
quering and  Bronzing  Brass  Ware.  12mo,  cloth net,  $1 . 00 

Workshop  Wrinkles  for  Decorators,  Painters,  Paper- 
Hangers  and  Others.  8vo,  cloth net,  $1 . 00 

BUCHANAN,  E.  E.     Tables  of  Squares.     Containing  the 

square  of  every  foot,  inch,  and  sixteenth  of  an  inch,  between  one 
sixteenth  of  an  inch  and  fifty  feet.  For  Engineers  and  Calcu- 
lators. 16mo,  oblong,  cloth $1 .00 

BURGH,  N.  P.     Modern  Marine  Engineering,  Applied  to 

Paddle  and  Screw  Propulsion.  Consisting  of  36  colored  plates, 
259  practical  woodcut  illustrations  and  403  pages  of  descriptive 
matter.  The  whole  being  an  exposition  of  the  present  practice 
of  James  Watt  &  Co.,  J.  &  G.  Rennie,  R.  Napier  &  Sons,  and 
other  celebrated  firms.  Thick  quarto,  half  morocco $10 . 00 

BURT,  W.  A.     Key  to  the  Solar  Compass,  and  Surveyor's 

Companion.  Comprising  all  the  rules  necessary  for  use  in  the 
field;  also  description  of  the  Linear  Surveys  and  Public  Land 
System  of  the  United  States,  Notes  on  the  Barometer,  Sugges- 
tions for  an  Outfit  for  a  Survey  of  Four  Months,  etc.  Seventh 
Edition.  Pocket  size,  full  leather $2 . 50 

CAMPIN,    F.     On    the    Construction    of    Iron    Roofs.     A 

Theoretical  and  Practical  Treatise,  with  woodcuts  and  plates  of 
roofs  recently  executed.  8vo,  cloth $2 . 00 

CARTER,  E.  T.  Motive  Power  and  Gearing  for  Elec- 
trical Machinery.  A  treatise  on  the  Theory  and  Practice  of  the 
Mechanical  Equipment  of  Power  Stations  for  Electrical  Supply 
and  for  Electric  Traction.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated $5 . 00 

CATHCART,   WM.   L.,   Prof.     Machine   Design.     Part   I. 

Fastenings.    8vo,  cbth,  illustrated net,  $3 . 00 

and  CHAFFEE,  J.  I.     Course  of  Graphic  Statics  Applied 

to  Mechanical  Engineering In  Press. 

CHAMBER'S    MATHEMATICAL    TABLES,    consisting   of 

Logarithms  of  Numbers  1  to  108,000,  Trigonometrical,  Nautical 
and  other  Tables.  New  Edition.  8vo,  cloth $1 . 75 


10  D.  VAN  NOSTRAND  COMPANY'S 

CHARPENTIER,    P.     Timber.     A    Comprehensive    Study 

of  Wood  in  all  its  Aspects,  Commercial  and  Botanical.      Show-  • 
ing  the  Different  Applications  and  Uses  of  Timber  in  Various 
Trades,  etc.    Translated  into  English.    8vo,  cloth,  illus. .  .  net,  $6 . 00 

CHAUVENET,    W.,    Prof.     New    Method    of    Correcting 

Lunar  Distances,  and  Improved  Method  of  Finding  the  Error 
and  Rate  of  a  Chronometer,  by  Equal  Altitudes.  8vo,  cloth.  $2 . 00 

CHILD,    C.    T.     The    How    and    Why    of   Electricity.     A 

Book  of  Information  for  non-technical  readers,  treating  of  the 
Properties  of  Electricity,  and  how  it  is  generated,  handled,  con- 
trolled, measured  and  set  to  work.  Also  explaining  the  opera- 
tion of  Electrical  Apparatus.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated $1 .00 

CHRISTIE,    W.    W.     Chimney    Design    and    Theory.     A 

Book  for  Engineers  and  Architects,  with  numerous  half-tone 
illustrations  and  plates  of  famous  chimneys.  Second  Edition, 
revised.  8vo,  cloth $3 . 00 

Furnace  Draft :  its  Production  by  Mechanical  Methods. 

A  Handy  Reference  Book,  with  figures  and  tables.  16mo,  limp 
cloth,  illustrated 50 

Boiler- waters,  Scale,  Corrosion,  Foaming In  Press. 

CLAPPERTON,   G.     Practical   Paper-making.     A   Manual 

for  Paper-makers  and  Owners  and  Managers  of  Paper  Mills,  to 
which  is  appended  useful  tables,  calculations,  data,  etc.,  with 
illustrations  reproduced  from  micro-photographs.  12mo,  cloth, 
illustrated $2. 50 

CLARK,  D.   K.,   C.E.      A  Manual  of  Rules,   Tables  and 

Data  for  Mechanical  Engineers.  Based  on  the  most  recent  inves- 
tigations. Illustrated  with  numerous  diagrams.  1012  pages.  8vo, 

cloth.     Sixth  Edition $5 . 00 

Half  morocco $7 . 50 

Fuel :    its  Combustion   and  Economy ;  consisting  of 

abridgments  of  Treatise  on  the  Combustion  of  Coal.  By  C.  W. 
Williams,  and  the  Economy  of  Fuel,  by  T.  S.  Prideaux.  With 
extensive  additions  in  recent  practice  in  the  Combustion  and 
Economy  of  Fuel,  Coal,  Coke,  Wood,  Peat,  Petroleum,  etc. 
Fourth  Edition.  12mo,  cloth $1 . 50 

The   Mechanical   Engineer's   Pocket-book   of    Tables, 

Formulae,  Rules  and  Data.  A  Handy  Book  of  Reference  for 
Daily  Use  in  Engineering  Practice.  16mo,  morocco.  Fifth 
Edition,  carefully  revised  throughout $3 . 00 


SCIENTIFIC  PUBLICATIONS.  11 

CLARK,  D.  K.,  C.E.     Tramways:  Their  Construction  and 

Working.  Embracing  a  comprehensive  history  of  the  system,  with 
accounts  of  the  various  modes  of  traction,  a  description  of  the 
varieties  of  rolling  stock,  and  ample  details  of  Cost  and  Working 
Expenses.  Second  Edition,  rewritten  and  greatly  enlarged,  with 
upwards  of  400  illustrations.  Thick  8vo,  cloth $9 . 00 

CLARK,  J.  M.  New  System  of  Laying  Out  Railway  Turn- 
outs instantly,  by  inspection  from  tables.  12mo,  cloth.  .  .  $1.00 

CLAUSEN-THUE,  W.     The  ABC  Universal  Commercial 

Electric  Telegraphic  Code;  specially  adapted  for  the  use  of 
Financiers,  Merchants,  Ship-owners,  Brokers,  Agents,  etc.  Fourth 

Edition.     8vo,  cloth $5 . 00 

Fifth  Edition  of  same. $7 . 00 

The  A  1   Universal  Commercial  Electric  Telegraphic 

Code.  Over  1240  pages  and  nearly  90,000  variations.  8vo, 
cloth $7 . 50 

CLEEMANN,    T.    M.     The   Railroad   Engineer's   Practice. 

Being  a  Short  but  Complete  Description  of  the  Duties  of  the 
Young  Engineer  in  Preliminary  and  Location  Surveys  and  in 
Construction.  Fourth  Edition,  revised  and  enlarged.  Illustrated. 
12mo,  cloth $1 . 50 

CLEVENGER,  S.  R.  A  Treatise  on  the  Method  of  Gov- 
ernment Surveying  as  prescribed  by  the  U.  S.  Congress  and  Com- 
missioner of  the  General  Land  Office,  with  complete  Mathemati- 
cal, Astronomical,  and  Practical  •  Instructions  for  the  use  of  the 
United  States  Surveyors  in  the  field.  16mo,  morocco $2 .  5Q 

CLOUTH,   F.     Rubber,   Gutta-Percha,   and  Balata.     First 

English  Translation  with  Additions  and  Emendations  by  the 
Author.  With  numerous  figures,  tables,  diagrams,  and  folding 
plates.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated net,  $5 . 00 

COFFIN,  J.  H.  C.,  Prof.  Navigation  and  Nautical  Astron- 
omy. Prepared  for  the  use  of  the  U.  S.  Naval  Academy.  New 
Edition.  Revised  by  Commander  Charles  Belknap.  52  woodcut 
illustrations.  12mo,  cloth net ,  $3 . 50 

COLE,  R.  S.,  M.A.     A  Treatise  on  Photographic  Optics. 

Being  an  account  of  the  Principles  of  Optics,  so  far  as  they  apply 
to  photography.  12mo,  cloth,  103  illus.  and  folding  plates.  .$2.50 

COLLINS,  J.  E.     The  Private  Book  of  Useful  Alloys  and 

Memoranda  for  Goldsmiths,  Jewelers,  etc.     18mo,  cloth.  ...         .50 


12  D.  VAN  NOSTRAND  COMPANY'S 

COREY.      Water-supply    Engineering.      Fully    illustrated. 

8vo,  cloth In  Press, 

COOPER,  W.  R.,  M.A.  Primary  Batteries:  Their  Con- 
struction and  Use.  With  numerous  figures  and  diagrams.  Svo, 
cloth,  illustrated net,  $4 . 00 

CORNWALL,  H.  B.,  Prof.  Manual  of  Blow-pipe  Analysis, 
Qualitative  and  Quantitative.  With  a  Complete  System  of 
Determinative  Mineralogy.  Svo,  cloth,  with  many  illustra- 
tions   $2 . 50 

COWELL,  W.  B.  Pure  Air,  Ozone  and  Water.  A  Prac- 
tical Treatise  of  their  Utilization  and  Value  in  Oil,  Grease,  Soap. 
Paint,  Glue  and  other  Industries.  With  tables  and  figures. 
12mo,  cloth,  illustrated net,  $2 . 00 

CRAIG,   B.   F.     Weights  and  Measures.     An  Account  of 

the  Decimal  System,  with  Tables  of  Conversion  for  Commercial 
and  Scientific  Uses.  Square  32mo,  limp  cloth .50 

CROCKER,  F.  B.,  Prof.     Electric   Lighting.     A  Practical 

Exposition  of  the  Art.  For  use  of  Engineers,  Students,  and 
others  interested  in  the  Installation  or  Operation  of  Electrical 
Plants.  Vol.  I.  The  Generating  Plant.  New  Edition,  thoroughly 

revised  and  rewritten.     Svo,  cloth,  illustrated In  Press. 

Vol.  II.  Distributing  Systems  and  Lamps.  Second  Edition.  Svo, 
cloth,  illustrated $3 . 00 

and  WHEELER,  S.   S.     The  Practical  Management 

of  Dynamos  and  Motors.  Fifth  Edition  (Sixteenth  Thousand) ,  re- 
vised and  enlarged.  With  a  special  chapter  by  H.  A.  Foster. 
12mo,  cloth,  illustrated $1 . 00 

CROSSKEY,  L.  R.     Elementary  Perspective:   Arranged  to 

meet  the  requirements  of  Architects  and  Draughtsmen,  and  of 
Art  Students  preparing  for  the  elementary  examination  of  the 
Science  and  Art  Department,  South  Kensington.  With  numer- 
ous full-page  plates  and  diagrams.  Svo,  cloth,  illustrated  .  .  $1 .00 

and  THAW,  J.     Advanced  Perspective,  involving  the 

Drawing  of  Objects  when  placed  in  Oblique  Positions,  Shadows 
and  Reflections.  Arranged  to  meet  the  requirements  of  Archi- 
tects, Draughtsmen,  and  Students  preparing  for  the  Perspective 
Examination  of  the  Education  Department.  With  numerous  full- 
page  plates  and  diagrams.  Svo.  cloth,  illustrated $1 . 50 

DAVIES,  E.  H.  Machinery  for  Metalliferous  Mines. 
A  Practical  Treatise  for  Mining  Engineers,  Metallurgists  and 
Managers  of  Mines.  With  upwards  of  400  illustrations.  Second 
Edition,  rewritten  arid  enlarged.  Svo,  cloth net,  $8 . 00 


SCIENTIFIC  PUBLICATIONS.  13 

DA. VIES,  D.  C.    A  Treatise  on  Metalliferous  Minerals  and 

Mining.  Sixth  Edition,  thoroughly  revised  and  much  enlarged  by  his 
son.  8vo,  cloth net,  $5.00 

Mining  Machinery In  Press. 

DAVISON,  G.  C.,  Lieut.    Water-tube  Boilers In  Press. 

DAY,  C.  The  Indicator  and  its  Diagrams.  With  Chap- 
ters on  Engine  and  Boiler  Testing;  including  a  Table  of  Piston 
Constants  compiled  by  W.  H.  Fowler.  12mo,  cloth.  125  illus- 
trations   $2.00 

DE  LA  COUX,  H.     The  Industrial  Uses  of  Water.     With 

numerous  tables,  figures,  and  diagrams.  Translated  from  the 
French  and  revised  by  Arthur  Morris.  8vo,  cloth net,  $4 . 50 

DENNY,  G.  A.     Deep-level  Mines  of  the  Rand,  and  their 

future  development,  considered  from  the  commercial  point  of 
view.  With  folding  plates,  diagrams,  and  tables.  4to,  cloth, 
illustrated net,  $10.00 

DERR,    W.    L.     Block    Signal    Operation.     A    Practical 

Manual.     Pocket  Size.     Oblong,  cloth.     Second  Edition.  ..  .$1.50 

DIBDIN,  W.  J.     Public  Lighting  by  Gas  and  Electricity. 

With  tables,  diagrams,  engravings  and  full-page  plates.  8vo, 
cloth,  illustrated net,  $8.00 

Purification    of   Sewage    and   Water.      With    tables, 

engravings,  and  folding  plates  Third  Edition,  revised  and 
enlarged.  8vo,  cloth,  illus.  and  numerous  folding  plates.  ...  $6. 50 

DIETERICH,  K.    Analysis  of  Resins,  Balsams,  and  Gum 

Resins:  their  Chemistry  and  Pharmacognosis.  For  the  use  of 
the  Scientific  and  Technical  Research  Chemist.  With  a  Bibliog- 
raphy. Translated  from  the  German,  by  Chas.  Salter.  8vo. 
cloth net,  $3 .00 

DIXON,    D.    B.     The   Machinist's   and   Steam   Engineer's 

Practical  Calculator.  A  Compilation  of  Useful  Rules  and  Prob- 
lems arithmetically  solved,  together  with  General  Information 
applicable  to  Shop-tools,  Mill-gearing,  Pulleys  and  Shafts,  Steam- 
boilers  and  Engines.  Embracing  valuable  Tables  and  Instruc- 
tion in  Screw-cutting,  Valve  and  Link  Motion,  etc.  Third  Edition. 
16mo,  full  morocco,  pocket  form $1 . 25 

DOBLE,  W.  A.  Power  Plant  Construction  on  the  Pacific 
Coast .  In  Press. 


14  D.  VAN  NOSTRAND  COMPANY'S 

DODD,  GEO.  Dictionary  of  Manufactures,  Mining,  Ma- 
chinery, and  the  Industrial  Arts.  12mo,  cloth $1 . 50 

DORR,  B.  F.  The  Surveyor's  Guide  and  Pocket  Table- 
book.  Fifth  Edition,  thoroughly  revised  and  greatly  extended. 
With  a  second  appendix  up  to  date.  16mo,  morocco  flaps.  .  $2.00 

DRAPER,    C.    H.      An    Elementary    Text-book    of   Light, 

Heat  and  Sound,  with  Numerous  Examples.  Fourth  Edition. 
12mo,  cloth,  illustrated $1 . 00 

Heat  and  the  Principles  of  Thermo-dynamics.     With 

many  illustrations  and  numerical  examples.     12mo,  cloth.  . .   $1 . 50 

DYSON,   S.   S.     Practical   Testing   of   Raw  Materials.     A 

Concise  Handbook  for  Manufacturers,  Merchants,  and  Users  of 
Chemicals,  Oils,  Fuels,  Gas  Residuals  and  By-products,  and 
Paper-making  Materials,  with  Chapters  on  Water  Analysis  and 
the  Testing  of  Trade  Effluents.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrations,  177 
pages .- net,  $5.00 

EDDY,    H.    T.,    Prof.     Researches   in    Graphical    Statics. 

Embracing  New  Constructions  in  Graphical  Statics,  a  New  General 
Method  in  Graphical  Statics,  and  the  Theory  of  Internal  Stress 
in  Graphical  Statics.  8vo,  cloth $1 . 50 

Maximum      Stresses      under      Concentrated      Loads. 

Treated  graphically.     Illustrated      8vo,  cloth $1 . 50 

EISSLER,  M.     The  Metallurgy  of  Gold.    A  Practical  Treatise 

on  the  Metallurgical  Treatment  of  Gold-bearing  Ores,  including 
the  Processes  of  Concentration  and  Chlorination,  and  the  Assay- 
ing, Melting  and  Refining  of  Gold.  Fifth  Edition,  revised  and 
greatly  enlarged.  Over  300  illustrations  and  numerous  folding 
plates.  8vo,  cloth $7 . 50 

The  Hydro-Metallurgy  of  Copper.     Being  zn  Account 

of  processes  adopted  in  the  Hydro-metallurgical  Treatment  of 
Cupriferous  Ores,  including  the  Manufacture  of  Copper  Vitriol. 
With  chapters  on  the  sources  of  supply  of  Copper  and  the  Roasting 
of  Copper  Ores.  With  numerous  diagrams  and  figures.  8vo, 
cloth,  illustrated net,  $4 . 50 

The  Metallurgy  of  Silver.     A  Practical  Treatise  on  the 

Amalgamation,  Roasting  and  Lixiviation  of  Silver  Ores,  including 
the  Assaying,  Melting  and  Refining  of  Silver  Bullion.  124 
illustrations.  Second  Edition,  enlarged.  8vo,  cloth $4 . 00 


SCIENTIFIC  PUBLICATIONS.  15 

EISSLER,  M.     The  Metallurgy  of  Argentiferous  Lead.     A 

Practical  Treatise  on  the  Smelting  of  Silver-Lead  Ores  and  the  Re- 
fining of  Lead  Bullion.  Including  Reports  on  Various  Smelting 
Establishments  and  Descriptions  of  Modern  Smelting  Furnaces  and 
Plants  in  Europe  and  America.  With  183  illustrations.  8vo. 
cloth $5.00 

Cyanide  Process  for  the  Extraction  of  Gold  and  its 

Practical  Application  on  the  Witwatersrangl  Gold  Fields  in  South 
Africa.  Third  Edition,  revised  and  enlarged.  Illustrations  and 
folding  plates.  8vo,  cloth $3 . 00 

A  Handbook  on  Modern  Explosives.  Being  a  Prac- 
tical Treatise  on  the  Manufacture  and  Use  of  Dynamite,  Gun- 
cotton,  Nitroglycerine,  and  other  Explosive  Compounds,  in- 
cluding the  manufacture  of  Collodion-cotton,  with  chapters  on 
Explosives  in  Practical  Application.  Second  Edition,  enlarged 
with  150  illustrations.  12mo,  cloth $5.00 

ELIOT,    C.    W.,    and    STORER,    F.    H.     A    Compendious 

Manual  of  Qualitative  Chemical  Analysis.  Revised  with  the  co- 
operation of  the  authors,  by  Prof.  William  R.  Nichols.  Illus- 
trated. Twentieth  Edition,  newly  revised  by  Prof.  W.  B.  Lindsay. 
12mo,  cloth net,  $1 . 25 

ELLIOT,  G.  H.,  Maj.  European  Light-house  Systems. 
Being  a  Report  of  a  Tour  of  Inspection  made  in  1873.  51  en- 
gravings and  21  woodcuts.  8vo,  cloth $5.00 

ERFURT,  J.     Dyeing  of  Paper  Pulp.    A  Practical  Treatise 

for  the  use  of  paper-makers,  paper-stainers,  students  and  others, 
With  illustrations  and  157  patterns  of  paper  dyed  in  the  pulp, 
with  formulas  for  each.  Translated  into  English  and  edited, 
with  additions,  by  Julius  Hiibner,  F.C.S.  8vo,  cloth,  illus- 
trated  net,  $7 . 50 

EVERETT,  J.  D.  Elementary  Text-book  of  Physics. 
Illustrated.  Seventh  Edition.  12mo,  cloth $1 . 50 

EWING,   A.   J.,   Prof.     The   Magnetic   Induction   in   Iron 

and  other  metals.  Third  Edition,  revised.  159  illustrations. 
8vo,  cloth $4 . 00 

FAIRIE,  J.,  F.G.S.  Notes  on  Lead  Ores:  Their  Distribu- 
tion and  Properties.  12mo,  cloth $1 . 00 

Notes  on  Pottery  Clays:  The  Distribution,  Properties, 

Uses  and  Analysis  of  Ball  Clays,  China  Clays  and  China  Stone. 
With  tables  and  formulae.  12mo,  cloth $1 . 50 


16  D.  VAN  NOSTRAND  COMPANY'S 

FANNING,  J.  T.     A  Practical  Treatise  on  Hydraulic  and 

Water-supply  Engineering.  Relating  to  the  Hydrology,  Hydro- 
dynamics and  Practical  Construction  of  Water-works  in  North 
America.  180  illus.  8vo,  cloth.  Fifteenth  Edition,  revised,  en- 
larged, and  new  tables  and  illustrations  added.  650  pp $5 . 00 

FAY,  I.  W.  The  Coal-tar  Colors:  Their  Origin  and  Chem- 
istry. 8vo,  cloth,  illustrated In  Press. 

FISH,  J.  C.  L.  Lettering  of  Working  Drawings.  Thir- 
teen plates,  with  descriptive  text.  Oblong,  9  X  12£,  boards .  $1 . 00 

FISHER,  H.  K.  C.,  and  DARBY,  W.  C.    Students'  Guide 

to  Submarine  Cable  Testing.  Third  (new  and  enlarged)  Edi- 
tion. 8vo,  cloth,  illustrated $3 . 50 

FISHER,   W.    C.     The    Potentiometer   and   its   Adjuncts. 

8vo,  cloth $2 . 25 

FISKE,  B.  A.,  Lieut.,  U.S.N.      Electricity   in  Theory  and 

Practice  ;  or,  The  Elements  of  Electrical  Engineering.  Eighth 
Edition.  8vo,  cloth $2. 50 

FLEISCHMANN,  W.     The  Book  of  the  Dairy.     A  Manual 

of  the  Science  and  Practice  of  Dairy  Work.  Translated  from 
the  German,  by  C.  M.  Aikman  and  R.  Patrick  Wright.  8vo, 
cloth $4.00 

FLEMING,  J.  A.,  Prof.  The  Alternate-current  Trans- 
former in  Theory  and  Practice.  Vol.  I.,  The  Induction  of  Electric 
Currents;  611  pages.  New  Edition,  illustrated.  8vo,  cloth,  $5.00 
Vol.  II.,  The  Utilization  of  Induced  Currents.  Illustrated.  8vo, 
cloth $5.00 

Centenary    of    the    Electrical    Current,     1799-1899. 

8vo,  paper,  illustrated 50 

-Electric    Lamps    and    Electric    Lighting.     Being    a 

course  of  four  lectures  delivered  at  the  Royal  Institution,  April- 
May,  1894.  8vo,  cloth,  fully  illustrated. $3 .00 

Electrical  Laboratory  Notes  an  .1  Forms,  Elementary 

and  Advanced.     4to,  cloth,  illustrated $5. 00 

A  Handbook  for  the  Electrical  Laboratory  and  Test- 
ing Room.  2  volumes.  8vo,  cloth each  $5.00 

FLEURY,  H.  The  Calculus  Without  Limits  or  Infinitesi- 
mals. Translated  by  C.  O.  Mailloux In  Press. 


SCIENTIFIC  PUBLICATIONS.  17 

FOLEY,    N.,    and    PRAY,    THOS.,    Jr.     The    Mechanical 

Engineers'  Reference  Book  for  Machine  and  Boiler  Construction, 
in  two  parts.  Part  1 — General  Engineering  Data.  Part  2 — 
Boiler  Construction.  With  51  plates  and  numerous  illustrations, 
specially  drawn  for  this  work.  Folio,  half  morocco $25.00 

FORNEY,  M.  N.     Catechism  of  the  Locomotive.     Second 

Edition,  revised  and  enlarged.     46th  thousand.     8vo,  cloth .  .  $3 . 50 

FOSTER,    J.    G.,    Gen.,    U.S.A.     Submarine    Blasting    in 

Boston  Harbor,  Massachusetts.  Removal  of  Tower  and  Corwin 
Rocks.  Illustrated  with  7  plates.  4to,  cloth $3 . 50 

FOSTER,  H.  A.     Electrical  Engineers'  Pocket-book.     With 

the  Collaboration  of  Eminent  Specialists.     A  handbook  of  useful 
data  for  Electricians  and  Electrical  Engineers.     With  innumer- 
able   tables,    diagrams,    and    figures.     Third    Edition,    revised 
Pocket  size,  full  leather,  1000  pp $5.00 

FOSTER,  J.     Treatise  on  the  Evaporation  of  Saccharine, 

Chemical  and  other  Liquids  by  the  Multiple  System  in  Vacuum 
and  Open  Air.  Third  Edition.  Diagrams  and  large  plates. 
8vo,  cloth .  $7 . 50 

FOX,    WM.,    and    THOMAS,    C.    W.,    M.E.     A   Practical 

Course  in  Mechanical  Drawing.  Second  Edition,  revised.  12mo, 
Cloth,  with  plates $1 . 25 

FRANCIS,    J.   B.,    C.E.      Lowell    Hydraulic    Experiments. 

Being  a  selection  from  experiments  on  Hydraulic  Motors  on 
the  Flow  of  Water  over  Weirs,  in  Open  Canals  of  uniform  rect- 
angular section,  and  through  submerged  Orifices  and  diverging 
Tubes.  Made  at  Lowell,  Mass.  Fourth  Edition,  revised  and 
enlarged,  with  many  new  experiments,  and  illustrated  with  23 
copper-plate  engravings.  4to,  cloth $15 . 00 

FULLER,  G.  W.     Report  on  the  Investigations  into  the 

Purification  of  the  Ohio  River  Water  at  Louisville,  Kentucky, 
made  to  the  President  and  Directors  of  the  Louisville  Water 
Company.  Published  under  agreement  with  the  Directors. 
3  full-page  plates.  4to,  cloth net,  $10 . 00 

FURNELL,  J.     Students'  Manual  of  Paints,  Colors,  Oils 

and  Varnishes.     8vo,  cloth,  illustrated net,  $1 .00 

GARCKE,    E.,    and    FELLS,    J.    M.     Factory    Accounts: 

their  principles  and  practice.  A  handbook  for  accountants  and 
manufacturers,  with  appendices  on  the  nomenclature  of  machine 
details,  the  rating  of  factories,  fire  and  boiler  insurance,  the 
factory  and  workshop  acts,  etc.,  including  also  a  large  number 
of  specimen  rulings.  Fifth  Edition,  revised  and  extended.  8vo, 
cloth,  illustrated $3 .00 


18  D.  VAN  NOSTRAND  COMPANY'S 

GEIPEL,   WM.,   and  KILGOUR,   M.   H.     A  Pocket-took 

of  Electrical  Engineering  Formulae.     Illus.     18mo.,  mor.  .  .$3.06 

GERBER,  N.     Chemical  and  Physical  Analysis  of  Milk, 

Condensed  Milk,  and  Infants'  Milk-food.     8vo,  cloth $1 . 25 

GERHARD,     WM.     P.       Sanitary    Engineering.       i2mo, 
cloth $1 . 25 

GESCHWIND,  L.     Manufacture  of  Alum  and  Sulphates, 

and  other  Salts  of  Alumina  and  Iron;  their  uses  and  applications 
as  mordants  in  dyeing  and  calico  printing,  and  their  other  appli- 
cations in  the  Arts,  Manufactures,  Sanitary  Engineering,  Agri- 
culture and  Horticulture.  Translated  from  the  French  by 
Charles  Salter.  With  tables,  figures  and  diagrams.  Svo,  cloth, 
illustrated net,  $5 . 00 

GIBBS,  W.  E.     Lighting  by  Acetylene,  Generators,  Burners 

and  Electric  Furnaces.  With  66  illustrations.  Second  Edition, 
revised.  12mo,  cloth $1 . 50 

GILLMORE,   Q.   A.,   Gen.     Treatise   on   Limes,   Hydraulic 

Cements  and  Mortars.  Papers  on  Practical  Engineering,  United 
States  Engineer  Department,  No.  9,  containing  Reports  of  nu- 
merous Experiments  conducted  in  New  York  City  during  the 
years  1858  to  1861,  inclusive.  With  numerous "  illustrations. 
Svo,  cloth $4.00 

Practical    Treatise    on    the    Construction    of    Roads, 

Streets  and  Pavements.  '  Tenth  Edition.  With  70  illustrations 
12mo,  cloth $2 . 00 

• Report   on   Strength   of   the   Building  Stones  in   the 

United  States,  etc.     Svo,  illustrated,  cloth $1 .00 

GOLDING,   H.   A.     The   Theta-Phi   Diagram.     Practically 

Applied  to  Steam,  Gas,  Oil  and  Air  Engines.  12mo,  cloth, 
illustrated net,  $1 . 25 

GOODEVE,   T.    M.     A   Text-book    on   the    Steam-engine. 

With  a  Supplement  on  Gas-engines.  Twelfth  Edition,  enlarged. 
143  illustrations.  12mo,  cloth $2 . 00 

GORE,  G.,  F.R.S.     The  Art  of  Electrolytic  Separation  of 

Metals,  etc.  (Theoretical  and  Practical.)  Illustrated-  Svo, 
cloth $3.50 

GOULD,    E.    S.     The    Arithmetic    of    the    Steam-engine. 

8vo,  cloth $1 . 00 


SCIENTIFIC  PUBLICATIONS.  19 

GOULD,  E.  S.  Practical  Hydrostatics  and  Hydrostatic  For- 
mulas. With  numerous  figures  and  diagrams  (Van  Nostrand's 
Science  Series,  No.  117.)  16mo,  cloth,  illustrated,  114  pp..  .  .50 

GRAY,   J.,    B.Sc.     Electrical   Influence   Machines:     Their 

Historical  Development,  and  Modern  Forms,  with  instructions 
for  making  them.  With  numerous  figures  and  diagrams.  Second 
Edition,  revised  and  enlarged.  12mo,  cloth,  illus.,  296  pp. .  .  .$2.00 

GRIFFITHS,   A.   B.,   Ph.D.     A   Treat!  e   on   Manures,    or 

the  Philosophy  of  Manuring.  A  Practical  Handbook  for  the 
Agriculturist,  Manufacturer,  and  Student.  12mo,  cloth.  .  .  $3.00 

Dental    Metallurgy.      A    Manual    for    Students    and 

Dentists.     8vo,  cloth,  illustrated,  203  pp net,  $3.50 

GROSS,    E.     Hops,    in    their   Botanical,   Agricultural   and 

Technical  Aspect,  and  as  an  article  of  Commerce.  Translated 
from  the  German  by  Charles  Salter.  With  tables,  diagrams, 
and  illustrations.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated net,  $4 . 50 

GROVER,    F.     Practical    Treatise    on    Modern    Gas    and 

Oil  Engines.     8vo,  cloth,  illustrated $2 . 00 

GRUNER,  A.  Power-loom  Weaving  and  Yarn  Number- 
ing, according  to  various  systems,  with  conversion  tables.  An 
auxiliary  and  text-book  for  pupils  of  weaving  schools,  as  well 
as  for  self-instruction,  and  for  general  use  by  those  engaged  in 
the  weaving  industry.  Illustrated  with  colored  diagrams.  8vo, 
cloth net,  $3.00 

GURDEN,  R.  L.  Traverse  Tables:  Computed  to  Four- 
place  Decimals  for  every  single  minute  of  angle  up  to  100  of 
Distance.  For  the  use  of  Surveyors  and  Engineers.  New  Edition. 
Folio,  half  morocco $7 . 50 

GUY,    A.    E.     Experiments    on    the    Flexure    of    Beams, 

resulting  in  the  Discovery  of  New  Laws  of  Failure  by  Buckling. 
Reprinted  from  the  ''American  Machinist."  With  diagrams  and 
folding  plates.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated,  122  pages net,  $1.25 

GUY,  A.  F.     Electric  Light  and  Power:   Giving  the  Result 

of  Practical  Experience  in  Central-station  Work.  8vo,  cloth, 
illustrated $2 . 50 

HAEDER,  H.,  C.E.     A  Handbook  on  the  Steam-engine. 

With  especial  reference  to  small  and  medium-sized  engines.  For 
the  use  of  Engine-makers,  Mechanical  Draughtsmen,  Engineer- 
ing Students  and  Users  of  Steam  Power.  Translated  from  the 
German,  with  considerable  additions  and  alterations,  by  H.  H. 
P.  Powles.  Third  English  Edition,  revised.  8vo,  cloth,  illus- 
trated, 458  pages $3 . 00 


20  D.  VAN  NOSTRAND  COMPANY'S 

HALL,   W.   S.,   Prof.     Elements   of   the   Differential   and 

Integral    Calculus.     Fourth    Edition,    revised.     8vo,    cloth,    illus- 
trated  net,  $2. 25 

Descriptive  Geometry,  with  Numerous  Problems  and 

Practical  Applications.     Comprising  an  8vo  volume  of  76  pages 
of  text  and  a  4to  atlas  of  31  plates.     2  vols.,  cloth. . . .  net,  $3 . 50 

Postage,    0 . 32 

HALSEY,   F.   A.     Slide-valve   Gears.     An  Explanation   of 

the  Action  and  Construction  of  Plain  and  Cut-off  Slide  Valves. 
Illustrated.     Seventh  Edition.     12mo,  cloth $1 . 50 

The  Use  of  the  Slide  Rule.     With  illustrations  and 

folding  plates.       Second  Edition.       16mo,   boards.        (Van  Nos- 
trand's  Science  Series,  No.  114.) 60 

The   Locomotive   Link    Motion,   with   Diagrams  and 

Tables.     8vo,  cloth,  illustrated $1 . 00 

Worm    and    Spiral    Gearing.     Revised   and  Enlarged 

Edition.     16mo,  cloth  (Van  Nostrand's  Science  Series,  No.  116.) 
Illustrated 50 

The    Metric    Fallacy,  and   "  The    Metric    Failure    in 

the  Textile   Industry,"   by  Samuel  S.   Dale.     8vo,   cloth,  illus- 
trated   $1 . 00 

HAMILTON,    W.    G.     Useful    Information    for    Railway 

Men.     Tenth  Edition,   revised  and  enlarged.     562  pages,  pocket 
form.     Morocco,  gilt $2 . 00 

HAMMER,  W.  J.  Radium,  and  Other  Radio-active  Sub- 
stances; Polonium,  Actinium  and  Thorium.  With  a  considera- 
tion of  Phosphorescent  and  Fluorescent  Substances,  the  Proper- 
ties and  Applications  of  Selenium,  and  the  treatment  of  disease 
by  the  Ultra-Violet  Light.  Second  Edition.  With  diagrams, 
engravings  and  photographic  plates.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated,  72  p., 

$1.00 

HANCOCK,  H.  Text-book  of  Mechanics  and  Hydro- 
statics, with  over  500  diagrams.  8vo,  cloth. $1 .75 

HARRISON,    W.    B.     The    Mechanics'    Tool-book.     With 

Practical    Rules   and    Suggestions   for   use    of   Machinists,    Iron- 
workers and  others.     With  44  engravings.     12mo,  cloth.  . .  .$1 .50 

HART,  J.  W.     External  Plumbing  Work.    A  Treatise  on 

Lead   Work   for   Roofs.     With  numerous  figures  and   diagrams. 
8vo  cloth,  illustrated net,  $3 .  OG 


SCIENTIFIC  PUBLICATIONS.  21 

HART,  J.  W.     Hints  to  Plumbers  on  Joint  Wiping,  Pipe 

Bending,  and  Lead  Burning.     Containing    184  figures   and  dia- 
grams.    8vo,  cloth,  illustrated  ......................  net,  $3  .  00 

--  Principles    of    Hot-water   Supply.     With    numerous 

illustrations.     8vo,  cloth  ...........................  net,  $3  .  00 

-  Sanitary  Plumbing    and    Drainage.    With   numerous 

diagrams  and  figures.     8vo,  cloth,  illustrated  ......  .  .  I  net,  $3.00 

HASKINS,   C.   H.     The    Galvanometer   and   its   Uses.     A 

Manual  for  Electricians  and  Students.     Fourth  Edition.     12mo, 
cloth  ..........  ?  .....................................   $1  .  50 

HAUFF,  W.  A.     American  Multiplier:   Multiplications  and 

Divisions  of  the  largest  numbers  rapidly  performed.     With  index 
giving  the  results  instantly  of  all  numbers  to  1000X1000  =  1.000,- 
000;  also  tables  of  circumferences  and  areas  of  circles.     Cloth, 
.................................    $5.00 


HAUSBRAND,  E.     Drying  by  Means  of  Air  and  Steam. 

With  explanations,  formulas,  and  tables,  for  use  in  practice. 
Translated  from  the  German  by  A.  C.  Wright,  M.A.  12mo, 
cloth,  illustrated  ......................................  $2.00 

--  Evaporating,    Condensing    and   ,Cooling     Apparatus: 

Explanations,  Formulae,  and  Tables  for  Use  in  Practice.  Trans- 
lated from  the  Second  Revised  German  Edition  by  A.  C.  Wright, 
M.A.  With  numerous  figures,  tables  and  diagrams.  8vo,  cloth, 
illustrated,  400  pages  ...............................  net,  $5.  00 

HAUSNER,    A.     Manufacture    of    Preserved    Foods    and 

Sweetmeats.  A  Handbook  of  all  the  Processes  for  the  Preserva- 
tion of  Flesh,  Fruit,  and  Vegetables,  and  for  the  Preparation  of 
Dried  Fruit,  Dried  Vegetables,  Marmalades,  Fruit-syrups,  and 
Fermented  Beverages,  and  of  all  kinds  of  Candies,  Candied  Fruit, 
Sweetmeats,  Rocks,  Drops,  Dragees,  Pralines,  etc.  Translated 
from  the  Third  Enlarged  German  Edition,  by  Arthur  Morris  and 
Herbert  Robson,  B.Sc.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated  ........  net,  $3.00 

HAWKE,  W.  H.     The  Premier  Cipher  Telegraphic  Code, 

containing  100,000  Words  and  Phrases.  The  most  complete  and 
most  useful  general  code  yet  published.  4to,  cloth  .......  $5  .  00 

--  100,000    Words    Supplement    to    the    Premier    Code. 

All  the  words  are  selected  from  the  official  vocabulary.  Oblong 
quarto,  cloth  .........................................  $5  .  00 

HAWKINS,  C.   C.,  and  WALLIS,  F.     The  Dynamo:    its 

Theory,  Design,  and  Manufacture.  190  illustrations.  12mo, 
cloth..  .....................  $3.00 


22  D.  VAN  NOSTRAND  COMPANY'S 

HAY,  A.     Principles  of  Alternate-current  Working.     12010, 

cloth,  illustrated , $2 . 00 

HEAP,    D.    P.,    Major,    U.S.A.      Electric  1   Appliances   of 

the  Present  Day.  Report  of  the  Paris  Electrical  Exposition  of 
1»81.  250  illustrations.  Svo,  cloth $2.00 

HEAVISIDE,    O.     Electromagnetic    Theory.     Svo,    cloth, 

two  volumes each,  $5 . 00 

HECK,  R.  C.  H.,  Prof.  (Lehigh  University).     The  Steam- 

Engine.     A  text-book  for  Engineering  Colleges In  Press. 

HEERMANN,   P.     Dyers'   Materials.     An   Introduction   to 

the  Examination,  Valuation,  and  Application  of  the  most  impor- 
tant substances  used  in  Dyeing,  Printing,  Bleaching  and  Finish- 
ing. Translated  by  Arthur  C.  Wright,  M.A.  12mo,  cloth,  illus- 
trated  net,  $2 . 50 

HENRICI,  0.     Skeleton  Structures,  Applied  to  the  Build- 
ing of  Steel  and  Iron  Bridges.     Svo,  cloth,  illustrated $1 . 50 

HERMANN,   F.     Painting    on    Glass   and   Porcelain    and 

Enamel  Painting.  On  the  basis  of  Personal  Practical  Experience 
of  the  Condition  of  the  Art  up  to  date.  Translated  by  Charles 
Salter.  Second  greatly  enlarged  edition.  Svo,  cloth,  illustrated, 

net,  $3.50 

HERRMANN,    G.     The   Graphical   Statics   of   Mechanism. 

A  Guide 'for  the  Use  of  Machinists,  Architects  and  Engineers;  and. 
also  a  Text-book  for  Technical  Schools.  Translated  and  anno- 
tated by  A.  P.  Smith,  M.E.  Fourth  Edition.  12mo,  cloth,  7 
folding  plates $2 . 00 

HERZFELD,  J.,  Dr.     The  Technical  Testing  of  Yarns  and 

Textile  Fabrics,  with  reference  to  official  specifications.  Trans- 
lated by  Chas.  Salter.  With  69  illustrations.  Svo,  cloth  net,  $3 . 50 

HEWSON,    W.     Principles    and    Practice    of    Embanking 

Lands  from  River  Floods,  as  applied  to  the  Levees  of  the  Missis- 
sippi. Svo,  cloth $2 . 00 

HILL,  J.  W.     The  Purification  of   Public  Water  Supplies. 

Illustrated  with  valuable  tables,  diagrams,  and  cuts.  Svo, 
doth,  304  pages $3 . 00 

Interpretation     of    Water    Analysis,     nmo,     cloth. 

In  Press. 


SCIENTIFIC  PUBLICATIONS.  23 

HOBBS,  W.  R.  P.  The  Arithmetic  of  Electrical  Measure- 
ments, with  numerous  examples,  fully  worked.  Revised  by 
Richard  Wormell,  M.A.  Ninth  Edition.  12mo,  cloth 50 

HOFF,  WM.  B.,  Com.,  U.S.N.  The  Avoidance  of  Collisions 
at  Sea.  18mo,  morocco 75 

HOLLEY,  A.  L.  Railway  Practice.  American  and  Euro- 
pean Railway  Practice  in  the  Economical  Generation  of  Steam, 
including  the  Materials  and  Construction  of  Coal-burning  Boilers, 
Combustion,  the  Variable  Blast,  Vaporization,  Circulation,  Super- 
heating, Supplying  and  Heating  Feed  Water,  etc.,  and  the 
Adaptation  of  Wood  and  Coke-burning  Engines  to  Coal-burning; 
and  in  Permanent  Way,  including  Road-bed,  Sleepers,  Rails, 
Joint  Fastenings,  Street  Railways,  etc.  With  77  lithographed 
plates.  Folio,  cloth $12 . 00 

HOLMES,  A.  B.     The  Electric  Light  Popularly  Explained. 

Fifth  Edition.     Illustrated.     12mo,  paper 40 

HOPKINS,  N.  M.     Model  Engines  and  Small  Boats.     New 

Methods  of  Engine  and  Boiler  Making,  with  a  chapter  on  Ele- 
mentary Ship  Design  and  Construction.  12mo,  cloth $1 . 25 

HOUSTON,  E.  J.,  and  KENNELLY,  A.  E.     Algebra  Made 

Easy.  Being  a  clear  explanation  of  the  Mathematical  Formulae 
foi*id  in  Prof.  Thompson's  "  Dynamo-electric  Machinery  and 
Polyphase  Electric  Currents. "  With  figures  and  examples.  Svo, 
cloth,  illustrated 75 

The  Interpretation  of  Mathematical  Formulae.     With 

figures  and  examples.     Svo,  cloth,  illustrated $1 .25 

HOWARD,  C.  R.     Earthwork  Mensuration  on  the  Basis 

of  the  Prismoidal  Formulas.  Containing  Simple  and  Labor-saving 
Methods  of  obtaining  Prismoidal  Contents  directly  from  End 
Areas.  Illustrated  by  Examples  and  accompanied  by  Plain 
Rules  for  Practical  Use.  Illustrated.  Svo,  cloth $1 . 50 

HOWORTH,    J.     Art   of   Repairing   and   Riveting    Glass, 

China  and  Earthenware.  Second  Edition.  Svo,  pamphlet,  illus- 
trated  net,  $0 . 50 

HUBBARD,  E.  The  Utilization  of  Wood-waste.  A  Com- 
plete Account  of  the  Most  Advantageous  Methods  of  Working  Up 
Wood  Refuse,  especially  Sawdust,  Exhausted  Dye  Woods  and 
Tan  as  Fuel,  as  a  Source  of  Chemical  Products  for  Artificial  Wood 
Compositions,  Explosives,  Manures,  and  many  other  Technical 
Purposes.  Translated  from  the  German  of  the  second  revised 
and  enlarged  edition.  Svo,  cloth,  illustrated,  192  pages .  .  net,  $2 .  SO 


24  D.  VAN  NOSTRAND  COMPANY'S 

HUMBER,  W.,  C.E      A  Handy  Book  for  the  Calculation 

of  Strains  in  Girders,  and  Similar  Structures,  and  their  Strength; 
consisting  of  Formulae  and  Corresponding  Diagrams,  with  numer- 
ous details  for  practical  application,  etc.  Fourth  Edition.  12mo, 
cloth $2 . 50 

HURST,  G.  H.,  F.C.S.     Color.    A  Handbook  of  the  Theory 

of  Color.  A  practical  work  for  the  Artist,  Art  Student,  Painter, 
Dyer  and  Calico  Printer,  and  Others.  Illustrated  with  10  colored 
plates  and  72  illustrations.  8vo,  cloth net ,  $2 . 50 

Dictionary   of    Chemicals    and   Raw   Products    Used 

in  the  Manufacture  of  Paints,  Colors,  Varnishes  and  Allied  Prep- 
arations. 8vo,  cloth net,  $3 . 00 

Lubricating   Oils,   Fats   and   Greases :    Their   Origin, 

Preparation,  Properties,  Uses  and  Analysis.  313  pages,  with 
65  illustrations.  8vo,  cloth net,  $3 . 00 

Soaps.    A  Practical  Manual  of  the  Manufacture  of 

Domestic,  Toilet  and  other  Soaps.  Illustrated  with  66  engrav- 
ings. 8vo,  cloth net,  $5 . 00 

Textile  Soaps  and  Oils:  A  Handbook  on  the  Prepara- 
tion, Properties,  and  Analysis  of  the  Soaps  and  Oils  15sed  in 
Textile  Manufacturing,  Dyeing  and  Printing.  With  tables  and 
illustrations.  8vo,  cloth net,  $2.50 

HUTCHINSON,  W.  B.     Patents  and  How  to  Make  Money 

out  of  Them.     12mo,  cloth $1 . 25 

BUTTON,  W.  S.     Steam-boiler  Construction.     A  Practical 

Handbook  for  Engineers,  Boiler-makers  and  Steam-users.  Con- 
taining a  large  collection  of  rules  and  data  relating  to  recent 
practice  in  the  design,  construction  and  working  of  all  kinds 
of  stationary,  locomotive  and  marine  steam-boilers.  With  up- 
wards of  540  illustrations.  Fourth  Edition,  carefully  revised  and 
much  enlarged.  8vo,  cloth $6 . 00 

Practical  Engineer's  Handbook,  comprising  a  Treatise 

on  Modern  Engines  and  Boilers,  Marine,  Locomotive  and  Station- 
ary. Fourth  Edition,  carefully  revised,  with  additions.  With 
upwards  of  570  illustrations.  8vo,  cloth $7 . 00 

The  Works'  Manager's  Han  book  of  Modern  Rules, 

Tables  and  Data  for  Civil  and  Mechanical  Engineers,  Millwrights 
and  Boiler-makers,  etc.,  etc.  With  upwards  of  150  illustrations. 
Fifth  Edition,  carefully  revised,  with  additions.  8vo,  cloth. .  .  $6 . 00 

INGLE,    H.     Manual    of    Agricultural    Chemistry.     8vo, 

cloth,  illustrated,  388  pages net,  $3 . 00 


SCIENTIFIC  PUBLICATIONS.  25 

INNES,    C.   H.     Problems   in   Machine    Design.     For   the 

use  of  Students,  Draughtsmen  and  others.  Second  Edition,  12mo, 
cloth net,  $2.00 

—  Centrifugal  Pumps,  Turbines  and  Water  Motors.  In- 
cluding the  Theory  and  Practice  of  Hydraulics.  Third  and  enlarged 
edition.  12mo,  cloth net,  $2 . 00 

ISHERWOOD,  B.  F.     Engineering  Precedents  for  Steam 

Machinery.  Arranged  in  the  most  practical  and  useful  manner 
for  Engineers.  With  illustrations.  Two  volumes  in  one.  8vo, 
cloth $2.50 

JAMIESON,  A.,  C.E.  A  T  xt-book  n  Steam  and  Steam- 
engines  Specially  arranged  for  the  use  of  Science  and  Art,  City 
and  Guilds  of  London  Institute,  and  other  Engineering  Students. 
Thirteenth  Edition.  Illustrated.  12mo,  cloth $3 . 00 

Elementary  Manual  on  Steam  and  the  Steam-engine. 

Specially  arranged  for  the  use  of  First-year  Science  and  Art,  City 
and  Guilds  of  London  Institute,  and  other  Elementary  Engineer- 
ing Students.  Third  Edition.  12mo,  cloth. $1 . 50 

JANNETTAZ,  E.     A  Guide  to  the  Determination  of  Rocks : 

being  an  Introduction  to  Lithology.  Translated  from  the  French 
by  G.  W.  Plympton,  Professor  of  Physical  Science  at  Brooklyn 
Polytechnic  Institute.  12mo,  cloth $1 . 50 

JEHL,  F.,  Mem.  A.I.E.E.     The  Manufacture  of  Carbons 

for  Electric  Lighting  and  Other  Purposes.  A  Practical  Handbook, 
giving  a  complete  description  of  the  art  of  making  carbons,  electros, 
etc.  The  various  gas  generators  and  furnaces  used  in  carbonizing, 
with  a  plan  for  a  model  factory.  Illustrated  with  numerous  dia- 
grams, tables  and  folding  plates.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated. ...  $4 . 00 

JENNISON,   F.   H.     Th?   Manufacture   of  Lake  Pigments 

from  Artificial  Colors.  A  useful  handbook  for  color  manufac- 
turers, dyers,  c  >lor  chemists,  paint  manufacturers,  drysalters, 
wallpaper-makers,  enamel  and  surface-paper  makers.  With  15 
plates  illustrating  the  various  methods  and  errors  that  arise  in 
the  different  processes  of  production.  8vo,  cloth net,  $3.00 

JOHNSON,  W.  McA.    "The  Metallurgy  of  Nickel."  In  Press. 

JOHNSTON,  J.  F.  W.,  Prof.,  and  CAMERON,  Sir  Chas. 

Elements  of  Agricultural  Chemistry  and  Geology.  Seventeenth 
Edition.  12mo,  cloth $2 . 60 

JONES,    H.    C.       Outlines    of    Electrochemistry.       With 

tables  and  diagrams.     4to,  cloth,  illustrated $1 . 50 


26  D.  VAN  NOSTRAND  COMPANY'S 

JONES,  M.  W.  The  Testing  and  Valuation  of  Raw  Mate- 
rials used  in  Paint  and  Color  Manufacture.  12mo,  cloth, .  net,  $2 . 00 

JOYNSON,    F.    H.     The    Metals    Used    in     Construction. 

Iron,  Steel,  Bessemer  Metal,  etc.     Illustrated.     12mo,  cloth. ..    .75 

Designing    and    Construction    of    Machine     Gearing. 

Illustrated.     8vo,  cloth $2 . 00 

JUPTNER,  H.   F.  V.     Siderology:     The  Science  of  Iron. 

(The  Constitution  of  Iron  Alloys  and  Iron.)  Translated  from 
the  German.  8vo,  cloth,  345  pages,  illustrated net,  $5. 00 

KANSAS    CITY    BRIDGE,    THE.     With    an    Account    of 

the  Regimen  of  the  Missouri  River  and  a  Description  of  the 
Methods  used  for  Founding  in  that  River,  by  O.  Chanute,  Chief 
Engineer,  and  George  Morison,  Assistant  Engineer.  Illustrated 
with  5  lithographic  views  and  1 2  plates  of  plans.  4to,  cloth.  $6 . 00 

KAPP,    G.,    C.E.     Electric    Transmission    of   Energy    and 

its  Transformation,  Subdivision  and  Distribution.  A  practical 
handbook.  Fourth  Edition,  revised.  12mo,  cloth $3.50 

Dynamos,  Motors,  Alternators  and  Rotary  Con- 
verters. Translated  from  the  third  German  edition,  by  Harold 
H.  Simmons,  A.M.I.E.E.  With  numerous  diagrams  and  figures. 
8vo,  cloth,  507  pages $4 . 00 

KEIM,    A.   W.      Prevention    of    Dampness    in    Buildings. 

With  Remarks  on  the  Causes,  Nature  and  Effects  of  Saline  Efflo- 
rescences and  Dry  Rot.  For  Architects,  Builders,  Overseers, 
Plasterers,  Painters  and  House  Owners.  Translated  from  the 
second  revised,  German  edition.  With  colored  plates  and  dia- 
grams. 8vo,  cloth,  illustrated,  115  pages net,  $2 . 00 

KELSEY,    W.    R.      Continuous-current     Dynamos    and 

Motors,  and  their  Control:  being  a  series  of  articles  reprinted 
from  The  Practical  Engineer,  and  completed  by  W.  R.  Kelsey. 
With  many  figures  and  diagrams.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated.  .  .  $2 . 50 

KEMP,  J.  F.,  A.B.,  E.M.     A  Handbook  of  Rocks.    For  Use 

without  the  microscope.     With  a  glossary  of  the  names  of  rocks 

and  of  other  lithological  terms.     8vo,  cloth,  illustrated $1 . 50 

Third  Edition,  revised. 

KEMPE,  H.  R.  The  Electrical  Engineer's  Pocket-book 
of  Modern  Rules,  Fermulae,  Tables  and  Data.  Illustrated. 
32mo,  morocco,  gilt $1 . 75 


SCIENTIFIC  PUBLICATIONS.  27 

4 

KENNEDY,  R.     Modern  Engines  and  Power  Generators. 

Vol.  I.  A  Practical  Work  on  Prime  Movers  and  the  Transmission 
of  Power:  Steam,  Electric,  Water,  and  Hot-air.  With  tables, 
figures,  and  full-page  engravings.  4to,  cloth,  illustrated .  .  $3 . 50 

KENNEDY,  R.    Electrical  Installations  of  Electric  Light, 

Power,  Traction,  and  Industrial  Electrical  Machinery.  With  nu- 
merous diagrams  and  engravings. 

Vol.  I.  The  Electrical  Circuit,  Measurement,  Ele- 
ments of  Motors,  Dynamos,  Electrolysis.  8vo,  cloth,  illus.  .  $3.50 

Vol.  II.  Instruments,  Transformers,  Installation  Wir- 
ing, Switches  and  Switchboards.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated.  .  .  .  $3.50 

Vol.   III.      Production    of    Electrical   Energy,   Prime 

Movers,  Generators  and  Motors.     8vo,  cloth,  illustrated.  .  .  $3.50 

Vol.  IV.  Mechanical  Gearing ;  Complete  Electric  In- 
stallations; Electrolytic,  Mining  and  Heating  Apparatus;  Electric 
Traction;  Special  Applications  of  Electric  Motors.  8vo,  cloth, 
illustrated $3.50 

Vol.  V.    Apparatus  and  Machinery  used  in  Telegraphs, 

Telephones,  Signals,  Wireless  Telegraph,  X-Rays,  and  Medical 
Science.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated $3 . 50 

KENNELLY,  A.  E.  Theoretical  Elements  of  Electro- 
dynamic  Machinery.  8vo,  cloth $1 . 50 

KILGOUR,  M.  H.,  SWAN,  H.,  and  BIGGS,  C.  H.  W.  Elec- 
trical Distribution:  its  Theory  and  Practice.  174  illustrations. 
12mo,  cloth $4 . 00 

KING,   W.   H.     Lessons   and  Practical  Notes   on   Steam, 

the  Steam-engine,  Propellers,  etc.,  for  Young  Marine  Engineers, 
Students  and  others.  Revised  by  Chief  Engineer  J.  W.  King, 
United  States  Navy.  Wth  Edition,  enlarged.  8vo,  cloth. ...  $2 . 00 

KINGDON,  J.   A.     Applied  Magnetism.     An  Introduction 

to  the  Design  of  Electromagnetic  Apparatus.     8vo,  doth.  .   $3.00 

KIRKALDY,    W.    G.     Illustrations    of    David    Kirkaldy's 

System  of  Mechanical  Testing,  as  Originated  and  Carried  on  by 
him  during  a  Quarter  of  a  Century.  Comprising  a  Large  Selec- 
tion of  Tabulated  Results,  showing  the  Strength  and  other  Proper- 
ties of  Materials  used  in  Construction,  with  Explanatory  Text 
and  Historical  Sketch.  Numerous  engravings  and  25  lithographed 
plates.  4to,  cloth $20 . 00 


28  D.  VAN  NOSTRAND  COMPANY'S 

KIRKBRIDE,   J.     Engraving  for  Illustration:    Historical 

and  Practical  Notes,  with  illustrations  and  2  plates  by  ink 
photo  process.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated,  72  pages net,  $1 .50 

KIRKWOOD,   J.   P.     Report   on   the   Filtration   of  River 

Waters  for  the  Supply  of  Cities,  as  practised  in  Europe,  made 
to  the  Board  of  Water  Commissioners  of  the  City  of  St.  Louis. 
Illustrated  by  30  double-page  engravings.  4to,  cloth  ....  $7 . 50 

KLEIN,    J.    F,      Design    of    a   High-speed   Steam-engine. 

With  notes,  diagrams,  formulas  and  tables.  Second  Edition, 
revised  and  enlarged.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated,  257  pages,  .net,  $5.00 

KNIGHT,  A.  M.,  Lieut.-Com.  U.S.N.  Modern  Seaman- 
ship. Illustrated  with  136  full-page  plates  and  diagrams.  8vo, 

cloth,  illustrated.     Second  Edition,  revised net,  $6.00 

Half  morocco $7 . 50 

KNOTT,  C.  G.,  and  MACKAY,  J.  S.     Practical  Mathematics. 

With  numerous  examples,  figures  and  diagrams.  New  Edition. 
8vo,  cloth,  illustrated $2 . 00 

KOLLER,    T.     The    Utilization    of    Waste    Products.     A 

Treatise  on  the  Rational  Utilization,  Recovery  and  Treatment 
of  Waste  Products  of  all  kinds.  Translated  from  the  German 
second  revised  edition.  With  numerous  diagrams.  8vo,  cloth, 
illustrated,  2SO  pages net,  $3 . 50 

— —  Cosmetics.  A  Handbook  of  the  Manufacture,  Em- 
ployment and  Testing  of  all  Cosmetic  Materials  and  Cosmetic 
Specialties.  Translated  from  the  German  by  Chas.  Salter.  8vo, 
cloth net,  $2 . 50 

JCRAUCH,    C.,    Dr.     Testing    of    Chemical    Reagents    for 

Purity.  Authorized  translation  of  the  Third  Edition,  by  J.  A. 
Williamson  and  L.  W.  Dupre.  With  additions  and  emendations 
by  the  author.  8vo,  cloth net,  $4 . 50 

LAMBERT,   T.     Lead,  and  its  Compounds,    With  tables, 

diagrams  and  folding  plates.     8vo,  cloth,  223  pages.  .  .  .net,  $3.50 

Bone     Products     and     Manures.       An     Account     of 

the  most  recent  improvements  in  the  manufacture  of  Fat,  Glue, 
Animal  Charcoal,  Size,  Gelatine  and  Manures.  With  plans  and 
diagrams.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated net,  $3 . 00 

LAMBORN,  L.  L.     Cotton-seed  Products.     With  numerous 

diagrams  and  engravings In  Press. 


SCIENTIFIC  PUBLICATIONS.  29 

LAMPRECHT,    R.     Recovery   Work   after   Pit   Fires.     A 

description  of  the  principal  methods  pursued,  especially  in  fiery 
mines,  and  of  the  various  appliances  employed,  such  as  respira- 
tory and  rescue  apparatus,  dams,  etc.  With  folding  plates  and 
diagrams.  Translated  from  the  German  by  Charles  Salter.  8vo, 
cloth,  illustrated net,  $4.00 

LARRABEE,  C.  S.  Cipher  and  Secret  Letter  and  Tele- 
graphic Code,  with  Hog's  Improvements.  The  most  perfect 
Secret  Code  ever  invented  or  discovered.  Impossible  to  read 
without  the  key.  18mo,  cloth 60 

LASSAR-COHN,  Dr.  An  Introduction  to  Modern  Scien- 
tific Chemistry,  in  the  form  of  popular  lectures  suited  to  University 
Extension  Students  and  general  readers.  Translated  from  the 
author's  corrected  proofs  for  the  second  German  edition,  by 
M.  M.  Pattison  Muir,  M.A.  12mo,  cloth,  illustrated $2.00 

LEASK,  A.  R.     Breakdowns  at  Sea  and  How  to  Repair 

Them.     With  89  illustrations.     Second  Edition,     8vo,  cloth.  $2.00 

Triple  and  Quadruple  Expansion  Engines  and  Boilers 

and  their  Management.  With  59  illustrations.  Third  Edition, 
revised.  12mo,  cloth $2 . 00 

Refrigerating  Machinery:  Its  Principles  and  Man- 
agement. With  64  illustrations.  12mo,  cloth $2.00 

LECKY,   S.   T.   S.     "Wrinkles"   in   Practical  Navigation. 

With  130  illustrations.  8vo,  cloth.  Fourteenth  Edition,  revised 
and  enlarged $9 . 00 

LEFEVRE,  L.     Architectural  Pottery:  Bricks,  Tiles,  Pipes, 

Enameled  Terra-Cottas,  Ordinary  and  Incrusted  Quarries,  Stone- 
ware Mosaics,  Faiences  and  Architectural  Stoneware.  With 
tables,  plates  and  950  cuts  and  illustrations.  With  a  preface  by 
M.  J.-C.  Formige.  Translated  from  the  French,  by  K.  H.  Bird, 
M.A.,  and  W.  Moore  Binns.  4to,  cloth,  illustrated net,  $7 . 50 

LEHNER,  S.  Ink  Manufacture :  including  Writing,  Copy- 
ing, Lithographic,  Marking,  Stamping  and  Laundry  Inks.  Trans- 
lated from  the  fifth  German  edition,  by  Arthur  Morris  and 
Herbert  Robson,  B.Sc.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated net,  $2. 50 

LEMSTROM,  Dr.  Electricity  in  Horticulture.  Illus- 
trated  In  Press. 

LEVY,  C.  L.  Electric-light  Primer.  A  simple  and  com- 
prehensive digest  of  all  the  most  important  facts  connected  with 
the  running  of  the  dynamo,  and  electric  lights,  with  precautions 
for  safety.  For  the  use  of  persons  whose  duty  it  is  to  look  after 
the  plant.  8vo,  paper 60 


30  D.  VAN  NOSTRAND  COMPANY'S 

LIVACHE,  ACH.  (Ingenieur  Civil  des  Mines).  The  Man- 
ufacture of  Varnishes,  Oil  Crushing,  Refining  and  Boiling,  and 
Kindred  Industries.  Describing  the  Manufacture  and  Chemical 
and  Physical  Properties  of  Spirit  Varnishes  and  Oil  Varnishes; 
Raw  Materials;  Resins;  Solvents  and  Coloring  Principles;  Dry- 
ing Oils,  their  Extraction,  Properties  and  Applications;  Oil 
Refining  and  Boiling;  The  Manufacture,  Employment  and  Test- 
ing of  Various  Varnishes.  Translated  from  the  French,  by  John 
Geddes  Mclntosh.  Greatly  extended  and  adapted  to  English 
practice.  With  numerous  original  recipes  by-  the  translator. 
Illustrated  with  cuts  and  diagrams.  8vo,  cloth net,  $5.00 

LIVERMORE,  V.  P.,  and  WILLIAMS,  J.     How  to  Become 

a  Competent  Motorman.  Being  a  Practical  Treatise  on  the 
Proper  Method  of  Operating  a  Street  Railway  Motor  Car;  also 
giving  details  how  to  overcome  certain  defects.  16mo,  cloth, 
illustrated,  132  pages $1 .00 

LOBBEN,  P.,  M.E.  Machinists'  and  Draftsmen's  Hand- 
book, containing  Tables,  Rules,  and  Formulas,  with  numerous 
examples,  explaining  the  principles  of  mathematics  and  mechanics, 
as  applied  to  the  mechanical  trades.  Intended  as  a  reference  book 
for  all  interested  in  Mechanical  work.  Illustrated  with  many 
cuts  and  diagrams.  8vo,  cloth. $2 .  50 

LOCKE,  A.   G.   and  C.   G.     A  Practical    Treatise  on   the 

Manufacture  of  Sulphuric  Acid.  With  77  constructive  plates, 
drawn  to  scale  measurements,  and  other  illustrations.  Royal 
8vo,  cloth $10 . 00 

LOCKERT,  L.     Petroleum  Motor-cars.     I2mo,  cloth,  $1.50 

LOCKWOOD,  T.  D.  Electricity,  Magnetism,  and  Electro- 
telegraphy.  A  Practical  Guide  for  Students,  Operators,  and 
Inspectors.  8vo,  cloth.  Third  Edition $2 . 50 

Electrical  Measurement  and  the   Galvanometer :    its 

Construction  and  Uses.  Second  Edition.  32  illustrations.  12mo, 
cloth .  .  $1 . 50 

LODGE,  0.  J.  Elementary  Mechanics,  including  Hydro- 
statics and  Pneumatics.  Revised  Edition*  12mo,  cloth  ...  $1 .50 

Signalling   Across   Space,   Without   Wires :     being   a 

description  of  the  work  of  Hertz  and  his  successors.  With  numer- 
ous diagrams  and  half-tone  cuts,  and  additional  remarks  con- 
cerning the  application  to  Telegraphy  and  later  developments. 
Third  Edition.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated net,  $2 . 00 


SCIENTIFIC  PUBLICATIONS.  31 

LORD,  R.  T.     Decorative  and  Fancy  Fabrics.      A  Valuable 

Book  with  designs  and  illustrations  for  manufacturers  and  de- 
signers of  Carpets,  Damask,  Dress  and  all  Textile  Fabrics.  8vo, 
cloth,  illustrated net,  $3 . 50 

LORING,   A.   E.      A   Handbook    of   the    Electro-magnetic 

Telegraph.     16mo,  cloth,  boards.     New  and  enlarged  edition.  .    .50 

LUCE,    S.    B.,    Com.     Text-book    of    Seamanship.     The 

Equipping  and  Handling  of  Vessels  under  Sail  or  Steam.  For 
the  use  of  the  U.  S.  Naval  Academy.  Revised  and  enlarged 
edition,  by  Lieut.  Wm.  S.  Benson.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated.  .  $10 . 00 

LUCKE,  C.  E.,  Prof.  Columbia  Univ.     Gas  Engine  Design. 

LUNGE,   G.,   Ph.D.      Coal-tar  and  Ammonia:    being  the 

third  and  enlarged  edition  of  "A  Treatise  on  the  Distillation  of 
Coal-tar  and  Ammoniacal  Liquor,"  with  numerous  tables,  figures 
and  diagrams.  Thick  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated net,  $15.00 

A  Theoretical  and  Practical  Treatise  on  the  Man- 
ufacture of  Sulphuric  Acid  and  Alkali  with  the  Collateral  Branches. 

—  Vol.  I.  Sulphuric  Acid.   In  two  parts,  not  sold  separately. 

Second  Edition,  revised  and  enlarged.   342  illus.   8vo,  cloth.  .  $15 . 00 

-  Vol.  II.   Salt  Cake,  Hydrochloric   Acid   and  Leblanc 

Soda.     Second  Edition,  revised  and  enlarged.     8vo,  cloth .  .  .  $15 . 00 

-  Vol.  III.    Ammonia  Soda,  and  various  other  processes 

of  Alkali-making,  and  the  preparation  of  Alkalis,  Chlorine  and 
Chlorates,  by  Electrolysis.  8vo,  cloth.  New  Edition,  1896. .  $15 . 00 

-and  HURTER,  F.      The  Alkali  Maker's  Handbook. 

Tables  and  Analytical  Methods  for  Manufacturers  of  Sulphuric 
Acid,  Nitric  Acid,  Soda,  Potash  and  Ammonia.  Second  Edition. 
12mo,  cloth $3.00 

LUPTON,  A.,  PARR,  G.  D.  A.,  and  PERKIN,  H.  Elec- 
tricity as  Applied  to  Mining.  With  tables,  diagrams  and  folding 
plates.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated,  280  pages net,  $3 . 50 

LUQUER,    L.    M.,    Ph.D.     Minerals    in    Rock    Sections. 

The  Practical  Method  of  Identifying  Minerals  in  Rock  Sections 
with  the  Microscope.  Especially  arranged  for  Students  in  Techni- 
cal and  Scientific  Schools.  Svo,  cloth,  illustrated net,  $1 . 50 

MACCORD,    C.   W.,   Prof.     A   Practical   Treatise   on   the 

Slide-valve  by  Eccentrics,  examining  by  methods  the  action  of 
the  Eccentric  upon  the  Slide-valve,  and  explaining  the  practical 
processes  of  laying  out  the  movements,  adapting  the  Valve  for 
its  various  duties  in  the  Steam-engine.  Second  Edition.  Illus- 
trated. 4to,  cloth .  $2 . 50 


32  D.  VAN  NOSTRAND  COMPANY'S 

MACKIE,  JOHN.  How  to  Make  a  Woolen  Mill  Pay. 
8vo,  cloth net,  $2 . 00 

MACKROW,  C.     The  Naval  Architect's  and  Ship-builder's 

Pocket-book  of  Formulae,  Rules,  and  Tables;  and  Engineers'  and 
Surveyors'  Handy  Book  of  Reference.  Eighth  Edition,  revised 
and  enlarged.  16mo,  limp  leather,  illustrated $5.00 

MAGUIRE,   E.,   Capt.,   U.S.A.     The   Attack   and  Defence 

of  Coast  Fortifications.  With  maps  and  numerous  illustrations, 
8vo,  cloth $2. 50 

MAGUIRE,    WM.    R.     Domestic    Sanitary   Drainage    and 

Plumbing  Lectures  on  Practical  Sanitation.  332  illustrations. 
8vo $4 . 00 

MAILLOUX,  C.  0.  Electro-traction  Machinery.  8vo, 
cloth,  illustrated In  Press. 

MARKS,    E.    C.    R.     Mechanical    Engineering   Materials: 

Their  Properties  and  Treatment  in  Construction.  12mo,  cloth, 
illustrated 60. 

Notes   on    the    Construction    of   Cranes   and   Lifting 

Machinery.  With  numerous  diagrams  and  figures.  New  and 
enlarged  edition.  12mo,  cloth net,  $1 . 50 

Notes  on  the  Construction  and  Working  of  Pumps. 

With  figures,  diagrams  and  engravings.  12mo,  cloth,  illus- 
trated  net,  $1 . 50 

MARKS,  G.  C.  Hydraulic  Power  Engineering.  A  Prac- 
tical Manual  on  the  Concentration  and  Transmission  of  Power 
by  Hydraulic  Machinery.  With  over  200  diagrams  and  tables 
8vo,  cloth,  illustrated $3 . 50 

MAVER,  W.  American  Telegraphy:  Systems,  Apparatus, 
Operation.  450  illustrations.  8vo,  cloth $5 . 00 

MAYER,  A.  M.,  Prof.     Lecture  Notes  on  Physics.     8vo, 

cloth $2.00 

McCULLOCH,   R.  S.,  Prof.     Elementary  Treatise  on  the 

Mechanical  Theory  of  Heat,  and  its  application  to  Air  and  Steam- 
engines.  8vo,  cloth $3 . 50 

McINTOSH,  J.  G.    Technology  of  Sugar.   A  Practical  Treatise 

on  the  Manufacture  of  Sugar  from  the  Sugar-cane  and  Sugar- 
beet.  With  diagrams  and  tables.  8vo,  cloth,  illustrated .  net,  $4 . 50 


THIS  BOOK  IS  DUE  ON  THE  LAST  DATE 
STAMPED  BELOW 


AN     INITIAL     FINE     OF     25     CENTS 

WILL  BE  ASSESSED  FOR  FAILURE  TO  RETURN 
THIS  BOOK  ON  THE  DATE  DUE.  THE  PENALTY 
WILL  INCREASE  TO  5O  CENTS  ON  THE  FOURTH 
DAY  AND  TO  $1.OO  ON  THE  SEVENTH  DAY 
OVERDUE. 

MAfi 


MAR   6  1937 


SEP  10  t938 


SEP  14 1939 


'S3 


JAN  28  1943 
MAY    29>S4ii 


YB   i5365 


